tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24119028153058986242024-03-05T03:18:27.754-08:00Intesar's blogIntesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.comBlogger131125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-22493581848486307702022-05-26T10:17:00.012-07:002022-05-26T10:20:26.892-07:00Bug Bounty vs. Security Scanner<p> </p><p>A lot of folks don't know the difference between a bug bounty program and automated security scans. Here is a cheat sheet to quickly learn the major differences.</p><p><br /></p><div align="left" dir="ltr" style="margin-left: 0pt;"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;"><colgroup><col width="117"></col><col width="218"></col><col width="289"></col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Security Scanner</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Bug Bounty Program</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Synonyms</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Web application scanner</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Security scanner</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">DAST</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Penetration Testing</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Pen Testing</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Ethical Hacking</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Security Testing</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Bug Bounty Programs</span></p><br /></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Definition</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">DAST stands for Dynamic Application Security Testing. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Is the process of testing web, mobile, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">and API applications to find vulnerabilities </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">and security bugs through automated tools</span></p><br /><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Is the process of finding security bugs through human intelligence.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">A security tester might use and modify automated tools to find hard-to-find vulnerabilities.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Code Access</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">No code access is required. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Most of the tools are language and technology agnostic</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">No code access is required. Internal technology stack knowledge helps create tailored tests</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Live Traffic Access</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">No access to live traffic is required</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">No access to live traffic is required</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Supported Technologies</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Different tools are required for Web, Mobile, REST API, GraphQL testing</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Uses all kinds of techniques including, manual web/mobile UI fuzzing, Burp tests for web/APIs, shell scripts, etc.</span></p><br /></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Common Vulnerabilities Found</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">SQLi, XSS, Server Configuration, etc.</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Zero-day, logic flaws, unauthorized data access, account takeovers, access to PII/financial data, etc.</span></p><br /></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Pros</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Automation means it can run continuously against the dev environment</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Finds hard-to-find vulnerabilities</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Cons</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Limited coverage and finds less-frequently found issues</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Done less frequently, most companies perform penetration testing once every 3/6/12 months.</span></p><br /></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Cost</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Low-cost</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">High-cost</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Developer Friendly</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Finding are spread across production configuration and code. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Not all findings require developers to fix them. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">E.g. server configurations, SSL, etc, require </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">the DevOps or the production support team to fix it.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">The developers hate or don’t get a lot of the suggestions. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Working with developers is a major pain point.</span></p><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Most findings require developers to fix the issues. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Most findings are code-related and are regular bugs</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Developers get most of the issues and happily add them to their bug list.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height: 0pt;"><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Popular Tools</span></p></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Free API Scanner</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/</span></a></p><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Qualys Web app Scanner</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.qualys.com/apps/web-app-scanning/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">https://www.qualys.com/apps/web-app-scanning/</span></a></p><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Mobile App Scanner</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.ostorlab.co/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">https://www.ostorlab.co/</span></a></p><br /><br /></td><td style="border-bottom: solid #000000 1pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 1pt; border-right: solid #000000 1pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 1pt; border-width: 1pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 5pt; vertical-align: top;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Bug Bounty Program</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://www.hackerone.com/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">https://www.hackerone.com/</span></a></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">Web app testing</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a href="https://portswigger.net/burp/communitydownload" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="-webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">https://portswigger.net/burp/communitydownload</span></a></p><br /><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0e101a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"> </span></p><p><span id="docs-internal-guid-363d28d6-7fff-c84a-6af0-2e968762dcde"><br /></span></p>Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-86099544353409232202022-05-24T11:02:00.010-07:002022-05-24T11:02:47.754-07:00Learnings After 400 API Security Testing<p> <span style="color: #0e101a;">We recently launched EthicalCheck, a free and instant API security testing DAST (Dynamic Application Security Testing) web tool on GitHub. </span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Here is the GitHub URL for the tool:</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><b>What kind of vulnerabilities does EthicalCheck find?</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Most automated scanners would find vulnerabilities like SQL Injections, NoSQL Injections, XSS, etc. </span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">EthicalCheck performs different checks, including OAuth 2.0, JWT, BasicAuth, OWASP API #2, and broken authentication defects in web, mobile, and public-facing APIs.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><b>How EthicalCheck work?</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">It requires two inputs: </span></p><ol style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">API (OpenAPI Spec/Swagger) documentation URL.</span></li><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Email address for receiving security testing report</span></li></ol><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTfawfoLLh0V3hl-QImrfQppEUA4rDBMd341c29xhsVZHiNgADGx8-jcyvMZHKdCdN311SxwFVgG1r_L3nCiz_4DnZ_QOnkUqTvCNSieJvNCWUR954S5hB09xnkppszbG5BR85Eb03vaHl0nRytee4wc0Es_QZuGnAjpKWU1zR0ucER8ccsVZ5-p1E/s2452/Screen%20Shot%202022-05-24%20at%2010.57.22%20AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTfawfoLLh0V3hl-QImrfQppEUA4rDBMd341c29xhsVZHiNgADGx8-jcyvMZHKdCdN311SxwFVgG1r_L3nCiz_4DnZ_QOnkUqTvCNSieJvNCWUR954S5hB09xnkppszbG5BR85Eb03vaHl0nRytee4wc0Es_QZuGnAjpKWU1zR0ucER8ccsVZ5-p1E/s2452/Screen%20Shot%202022-05-24%20at%2010.57.22%20AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="636" data-original-width="2452" height="83" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTfawfoLLh0V3hl-QImrfQppEUA4rDBMd341c29xhsVZHiNgADGx8-jcyvMZHKdCdN311SxwFVgG1r_L3nCiz_4DnZ_QOnkUqTvCNSieJvNCWUR954S5hB09xnkppszbG5BR85Eb03vaHl0nRytee4wc0Es_QZuGnAjpKWU1zR0ucER8ccsVZ5-p1E/s320/Screen%20Shot%202022-05-24%20at%2010.57.22%20AM.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">We only did a soft launch across a couple of developer forums in the past three months. We weren't hoping that we would get anywhere close to 400 tests.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><b>Here are the stats:</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Start Date: Feb 2022 - Apr 2022 (<b>3 months</b>)</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Total APIs Tested: <b>400</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Total APIs with Vulnerabilities: <b>164</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Total APIs with 10+ Vulnerabilities: 16</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Max vulnerabilities found in an API: 65</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Total Vulnerabilities Found: <b>948</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Total Bug Bounty Savings: <b>1,896,000 USD</b> (Based on HackerOne's payout model)</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Total API Penetration Test Savings: <b>343,000 USD</b> (Based on avg penetration testing cost)</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Percentage of APIs with Vulnerabilities: <b>47.9%</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><b>Conclusion:</b></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">On average, close to 50% of the tested public-facing APIs had security vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities can easily be picked up by automated bots and hackers alike. Security breaches are expensive and can cost exponentially upwards of $8.64m to startups and large organizations alike.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Your public-facing mobile/web API has a close to 50% chance of having security vulnerabilities. You can instantly test your public-facing APIs for vulnerabilities:</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/</span></p>Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-24101028130702240212022-05-23T10:57:00.003-07:002022-05-23T10:57:52.087-07:00What is DAST, and Why Should Developers Use It?<p> <span style="color: #0e101a;">DAST stands for Dynamic Application Security Testing. DAST is the process of testing web, mobile, and API applications to find vulnerabilities/security bugs through simulated attacks.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">DAST is the process of live testing an application either using an automated scanner or manual penetration testing practices.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Most developers haven't heard about DAST scanners because they are primarily used by appsec and penetration testers.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">What kind of vulnerabilities does DAST find?</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Most automated scanners would find critical vulnerabilities like SQL Injections, NoSQL Injections, XSS, etc. </span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">The hard-to-find vulnerabilities like logic bugs, authentication, and authorization flaws are usually done by ethical hackers, penetration testers, and AppSec engineers. The preferred approach is to write automated test cases that can be executed as part of CI/CD.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Should developers care about DAST? </span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Yes, they should, since having any of the above critical vulnerabilities can lead to data breaches and punitive damages. Additionally, most DAST scanners can now be easily integrated into CI/CD pipelines, fully automated. </span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><h4 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Pros of DAST</span></h4><ul style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Tech Stack Independent: Independent of the application stack. It tests the application as a whole. All your source code and libraries at runtime are tested for vulnerabilities.</span></li><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">It does not require access to the source code.</span></li><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Low false positives: According to OWASP's benchmark project, DAST solutions produce fewer false positives than other testing approaches.</span></li><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Identifies configuration issues: DAST excels at finding security vulnerabilities that occur only when the application is operational. In addition, DAST attacks an application from the outside in, placing it in the perfect position to find configuration mistakes missed by other AST tools.</span></li><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Logic vulnerabilities: These flaws are hard to detect early in development. These issues are caused by security configurations, data, and other things, making them hard to detect in non-production environments. Most bug bounty programs pay for these kinds of flaws instead for traditional and low-hanging issues. Detecting these flaws requires you to write test cases and execute them continuously in dev/production.</span></li></ul><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><h4 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Cons of DAST</span></h4><ul style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Does not find the exact location of a vulnerability in the code</span></li><li style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; list-style-type: disc; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Tests can be time-consuming.</span></li></ul><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Here are a few free DAST solutions you can run safely against your live applications:</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">EthicalCheck:</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Free & Automated DAST for APIs.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Burp Suite</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Write your tests</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">https://portswigger.net/burp/communitydownload</span></p>Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-26560297704490611032022-05-10T16:15:00.002-07:002022-05-10T16:15:50.509-07:00Running Basic Security Tests Against Twitter API<p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">I tweet once in a while about product/organization updates. I've built a couple of Twitter integrations in the past. </span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">As part of security research, I look for vulnerabilities in public APIs and mobile/web backend APIs. I often use the free API security testing tool to run basic tests. These tests are safe and non-intrusive; they detect OAuth 2.0/JWT/Authentication flaws in APIs. Twitter and similar organizations wouldn't mind or see these tests.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><a class="editor-rtfLink" href="https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/2411902815305898624/74015011293983019#" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #4a6ee0; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;" target="_blank"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/</span></a></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">I used this Twitter API OpenAPI Specification file URL for testing:</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">https://api.twitter.com/labs/2/openapi.json</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Here is the simple process I followed. I pointed the tool to the Twitter OpenAPI Spec file and just ran the basic tests to see what it returns.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">The result came back with one endpoint being open to the public. I realized the endpoint was returning the API scheme upon further investigation, so it wasn't a big deal. </span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWkVWKoHp-dddOew4Hg4ItoXitEmQXx69Dzq0UfZB0k5T-0DTkaSycjh2ywKDesbPEwj9pD-o9nKP8x_-mNidj8vq0pLXlzcd4zjLOfn8lesFimmub3_SraQuVqluCqXzZMbOLtx3k0TrVAX17yL8RpPC_QJdklq6qnvdZ0rtXqTnBSjEj1btU5wpM/s1436/Screen%20Shot%202022-05-10%20at%2011.21.35%20AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="910" data-original-width="1436" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWkVWKoHp-dddOew4Hg4ItoXitEmQXx69Dzq0UfZB0k5T-0DTkaSycjh2ywKDesbPEwj9pD-o9nKP8x_-mNidj8vq0pLXlzcd4zjLOfn8lesFimmub3_SraQuVqluCqXzZMbOLtx3k0TrVAX17yL8RpPC_QJdklq6qnvdZ0rtXqTnBSjEj1btU5wpM/s320/Screen%20Shot%202022-05-10%20at%2011.21.35%20AM.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd7C7v8yHFakvmqW5ZXPVCRTr6S-nKHzBNmJ958RIpr1wfAIn12p_4R7436Zv3NyAjHX3pqsaze-tglka8tWsN4rvMN_cmTl3nhqpzQwveENIYftafRg43TrEpy4KBKbAR4mct6wGTnsJlpfj6uRoBTswqwaV2aMqeLTe2MepMtiv1ucyMQEM_kXTT/s1440/Screen%20Shot%202022-05-10%20at%2011.22.20%20AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="476" data-original-width="1440" height="106" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd7C7v8yHFakvmqW5ZXPVCRTr6S-nKHzBNmJ958RIpr1wfAIn12p_4R7436Zv3NyAjHX3pqsaze-tglka8tWsN4rvMN_cmTl3nhqpzQwveENIYftafRg43TrEpy4KBKbAR4mct6wGTnsJlpfj6uRoBTswqwaV2aMqeLTe2MepMtiv1ucyMQEM_kXTT/s320/Screen%20Shot%202022-05-10%20at%2011.22.20%20AM.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">Conclusion:</strong><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> All Twitter API endpoints are secure, and no issues were found.</span></p>Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-740150112939830192022-05-09T15:14:00.002-07:002022-05-09T15:14:17.119-07:00How I scanned dev.to APIs for vulnerabilities<p><br /></p><header class="crayons-article__header" id="main-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; word-break: break-word;"><div class="crayons-article__header__meta" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: var(--content-padding-y) var(--content-padding-x) 0 var(--content-padding-x);"><div class="spec__tags flex flex-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex !important; flex-wrap: wrap !important;"><a class="crayons-tag " href="https://dev.to/t/node" style="--tag-bg-hover: rgba(61, 136, 54, 0.1); --tag-bg: rgba(61, 136, 54, 0.1); --tag-prefix-hover: #3d8836; --tag-prefix: #3d8836; align-items: center; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: var(--radius); box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; padding: clamp(var(--su-1), 0.25em, 0.5em) 0.5em; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all var(--transition-props); white-space: nowrap;"><br /></a><a class="crayons-tag " href="https://dev.to/t/node" style="--tag-bg-hover: rgba(61, 136, 54, 0.1); --tag-bg: rgba(61, 136, 54, 0.1); --tag-prefix-hover: #3d8836; --tag-prefix: #3d8836; align-items: center; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: var(--radius); box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; padding: clamp(var(--su-1), 0.25em, 0.5em) 0.5em; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all var(--transition-props); white-space: nowrap;"><br /></a></div></div></header><div class="crayons-article__main" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: var(--content-padding-y) var(--content-padding-x);"><div class="crayons-article__body text-styles spec__body" data-article-id="1077893" id="article-body" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;">I recently saw the dev.to published REST APIs.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><a href="https://developers.forem.com/api" style="box-sizing: border-box;">https://developers.forem.com/api</a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;">I'm a big fan of dev.to, I often publish and read articles on it, so it made me curious, and I thought of scanning the Dev.to REST API for vulnerabilities. I used this free and web-based API security tool for the job.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><a href="https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/" style="box-sizing: border-box;">https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/</a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;">I uploaded their OpenAPI Spec file here and submitted it:</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><span style="color: #171717; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol;">https://raw.githubusercontent.com/apisec-inc/pentest/main/OAS/plugin-redoc-0.yaml</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><span style="color: #171717; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol;"><br /></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;">Here are the scan results</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><a class="article-body-image-wrapper" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/s--7aVtMYTA--/c_limit%2Cf_auto%2Cfl_progressive%2Cq_auto%2Cw_880/https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/mhi2fw7actyx20k39p4r.png" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: zoom-in;"><img alt="Scan result" height="427" loading="lazy" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/s--7aVtMYTA--/c_limit%2Cf_auto%2Cfl_progressive%2Cq_auto%2Cw_880/https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/mhi2fw7actyx20k39p4r.png" style="border-radius: var(--radius); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: var(--content-rhythm) auto; max-height: calc(50vh + 180px); max-width: 100%; object-fit: contain;" width="880" /></a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;">Surprisingly it reported 8 issues. Here is the list:</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><span style="border-radius: var(--radius); cursor: zoom-in; height: auto; margin: var(--content-rhythm) auto; max-height: calc(50vh + 180px);"><a class="article-body-image-wrapper" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/s--Bc4oYn6B--/c_limit%2Cf_auto%2Cfl_progressive%2Cq_auto%2Cw_880/https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/xbxuwznr4yyyqoghvovg.png" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: zoom-in;"><img alt="Vulnerability report" height="435" loading="lazy" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/s--Bc4oYn6B--/c_limit%2Cf_auto%2Cfl_progressive%2Cq_auto%2Cw_880/https://dev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/articles/xbxuwznr4yyyqoghvovg.png" style="border-radius: var(--radius); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: var(--content-rhythm) auto; max-height: calc(50vh + 180px); max-width: 100%; object-fit: contain;" width="880" /></a></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;">I analyzed the dev.to web UI to find out what was happening. I quickly figured out all the open endpoints were also open on the web UI and were left public by design so the unauthenticated users can view the dev.to articles, videos, and their associated tags, categories, and authors public images. All other functionality like content engagement, likes, comments, follow, create/manage articles, etc., requires the user to be authenticated.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin: 0 0 var(--content-rhythm) 0;">Conclusion: The free web tool did a decent job of identifying unauthenticated endpoints. But most of the reported endpoints were open by design. Of course, there was no way the tool could have guessed the business reasoning behind leaving those endpoints public.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin-bottom: 0px;">Here is the free tool link: <a href="https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/" style="box-sizing: border-box;">https://apisec-inc.github.io/pentest/</a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin-bottom: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #171717; font-family: var(--content-font-family); font-size: var(--content-font-size); margin-bottom: 0px;"><br /></p></div></div>Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-81466809342154783312020-10-09T12:13:00.001-07:002020-10-10T11:42:38.314-07:00OAuth 2.0 vs JWT<p>JWT replaces the cookie and makes APIs / Web stateless</p><p>JWT Token can easily be decoded</p><p>JWT has <b>No</b> true logout</p><p>Always use: <b>Authorization: Bearer <TOKEN></b></p><p><b>Bearer authentication scheme prevents CSRF attacks</b></p><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="13e8" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">sample JWT token includes the following elements.</p><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="fcfe" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;"><span class="id jn" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Header : Algorithm and token type</span></p><pre class="go gp gq gr gs jr js jt" style="background: rgb(242, 242, 242); box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 56px; overflow-x: auto; padding: 20px;"><span class="cf ju hj ek jv b ax jw jx s jy" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="f55f" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.022em; line-height: 1.18; margin-bottom: -0.09em; margin-top: -0.09em; white-space: pre-wrap;">{<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> “alg”: “HS256”,<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> “typ”: “JWT”<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />}</span></pre><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="7f6f" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;"><span class="id jn" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Payload : data</span></p><pre class="go gp gq gr gs jr js jt" style="background: rgb(242, 242, 242); box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 56px; overflow-x: auto; padding: 20px;"><span class="cf ju hj ek jv b ax jw jx s jy" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="608b" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.022em; line-height: 1.18; margin-bottom: -0.09em; margin-top: -0.09em; white-space: pre-wrap;">{<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> “sub”: “1234567890”,<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> “name”: “John Doe”,<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> “admin”: true<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />}</span></pre><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="0419" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;"><span class="id jn" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Verify signature:</span></p><pre class="go gp gq gr gs jr js jt" style="background: rgb(242, 242, 242); box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 56px; overflow-x: auto; padding: 20px;"><span class="cf ju hj ek jv b ax jw jx s jy" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="af57" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.022em; line-height: 1.18; margin-bottom: -0.09em; margin-top: -0.09em; white-space: pre-wrap;">HMACSHA256(<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> base64UrlEncode(header) + "." +<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> base64UrlEncode(payload),<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> secret <br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />)</span></pre><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="3e98" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;"><span class="id jn" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Final output:</span></p><pre class="go gp gq gr gs jr js jt" style="background: rgb(242, 242, 242); box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 56px; overflow-x: auto; padding: 20px;"><span class="cf ju hj ek jv b ax jw jx s jy" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="7e36" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.022em; line-height: 1.18; margin-bottom: -0.09em; margin-top: -0.09em; white-space: pre-wrap;">eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> . eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /> .<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ</span></pre><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c61b" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">Using <a class="cl jc" href="https://jwt.io/" rel="noopener nofollow" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; outline: 0px;"><span class="id jn" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">JWT.IO</span></a> we can easily decode, verify and generate JWT tokens.</p><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c61b" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">OAuth 2.0:</p><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c61b" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">Authorization Framework:</p><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c61b" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">Support APIs, Web, etc.</p><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c61b" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">OAuth 2.0 Key Components</p><p class="ib ic ek id b ie ji ig ih ii jj ik il im jk io ip iq jl is it iu jm iw ix iy ec cf" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c61b" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;"></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Authorization Server (Token Factory, e.g. GitHub)</li><li>Resource Server (API / Microservice, e.g. GitHub API)</li><li>Client (UI / Mobile / API / Microservice e.g. Login with GitHub )</li><li>User (Resource Owner)</li><li>User Agent (Device/Browser)</li></ol><div><span style="font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.063px;">OAuth 2.0 Grant Types</span></div><div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">Authorization Code </span></li><ol><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">Used for User Authorization by Web / Mobile</span></li><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">(e.g. Login with Github UI button -> GitHub for Authorization -> Token to access GitHub APIs on behalf of the user)</span></li><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">Requires Web/Mobile client to register with GitHub and have a client-secret to make token validation, refresh calls</span></li><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">The browser only sees a temp code. The client takes the temp code along with client-secret to get access-token</span></li><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">The client should register the Authorization Server have the client-id/client-secret with it</span></li></ol><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">Client Credentials</span></li><ol><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;">Machine-Machine communication</span></li><li><span style="letter-spacing: -0.048px;"> (Go to GitHub and generate Client ID/Client Secret to access GitHub APIs)</span></li></ol></ol></div><div>PKCE for single page Apps</div><div>https://www.oauth.com/oauth2-servers/single-page-apps/</div><div><br /></div><div>https://www.oauth.com/</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>SAML</div><div>Single Sign-on Across Sites</div><div><br /></div><div>2008 had only SAML & Login Forms / cookies</div><div>** No way to support Mobile Apps Login</div><div>** No way to support Delegated Authorization</div><div><br /></div><div>OpenID Connect is for Authentication</div><div>OAuth 2.0 is for Authorization</div><div><br /></div><div>What does OpenID Connect add?</div><div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>ID Token</li><li>UserInfo endpoint for getting more user info</li><li>A standard set of scopes</li><li>Standardized implementation</li></ol><div>When to Use OpenID Connect?</div></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Form login</li><li>Single sign-on across sites</li><li>Mobile App login</li><li>Delegated authorization (OAuth 2.0)</li></ul><div><br /></div></div><div>When using OpenID Connect</div><div><br /></div><div>Login with Google will go with an extra scope: openid</div><div>and will return with extra /userinfo endpoint and openid token for requesting more user profile info</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><p></p>Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-86633955270653742172020-08-06T16:41:00.000-07:002020-08-06T16:41:42.514-07:00How to Present Slides<div>How to Speak?</div><div><br /></div><div>How to Start:</div><div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><b>Empowerment Promise</b></li><ol><li>By the end of the session, you will learn.</li><ol><li>What is <a data-mt-detrack-inspected="true" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=http://apisec.ai&source=gmail&ust=1596829241507000&usg=AFQjCNEHBgAcRXquw2wt4XmDZkfL87d_ag" href="http://apisec.ai" target="_blank">apisec.ai</a> is, how to get started using apisec.</li><li><b>Why so many businesses are getting API breaches</b></li><li>How to get your API security strategy right</li><li>API Security Pitfalls</li><li><b>Implement successful API Security Strategies</b></li></ol></ol></ol><div>Samples:</div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Cycles</li><li><b>Build Fence</b></li><ol><li>apisec is an API security automation service. </li><li>It's not a WAF, </li><li>Nor an API Gateway </li><li>Neither a pen-testing tool.</li></ol><li>Verbal Punctuation</li><ol><li><b>Stats</b></li></ol><li>Ask Questions</li><ol><li> Can't be too easy or too hard.</li></ol></ol><div>Time & Place</div></div><div><ol><li>11 AM</li><li><b>Well lit room</b></li><li><b>More than half packed audience</b></li></ol><div>Tools:</div><div>BlackBoard</div></div><div><ol><li>Graphic Qualities</li><li>The speed at which you write on the blackboard is the speed at which people can absorb the material</li><li>Target</li></ol><div>Props - It sells</div></div><div><ol><li>Empathetic Mirroring - Demonstration makes the audience feel you're doing it.</li><li><b>Bring an API down</b></li></ol><div>Job Talks:</div><div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Expose Ideas and not teach them</li></ol></div><div>Slide Crimes: </div><div><ol><li><b>Too Many Slides and Too Many Words</b></li><li>Do not read</li><li>Be in the image</li><li>Keep images simple</li><li>Eliminate clutter</li><li><b>People read slides and when you speak they're distracted</b></li><li>40 Point times</li></ol></div></div>Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-66177269406339810242019-06-24T19:03:00.001-07:002019-06-24T19:03:40.427-07:00The Hard Thing About Hard Things <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p" id="acf2" name="acf2" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 29px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px;">
Peacetime CEO knows that proper protocol leads to winning. Wartime CEO violates protocol in order to win.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="48c6" name="48c6" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO focuses on the big picture and empowers her people to make detailed decisions. Wartime CEO cares about a speck of dust on a gnat’s ass if it interferes with the prime directive.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="121d" name="121d" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO builds scalable, high-volume recruiting machines. Wartime CEO does that, but also builds HR organizations that can execute layoffs.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="a5a4" name="a5a4" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO spends time defining the culture. Wartime CEO lets the war define the culture.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="0974" name="0974" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO always has a contingency plan. Wartime CEO knows that sometimes you gotta roll a hard six.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="aefc" name="aefc" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO knows what to do with a big advantage. Wartime CEO is paranoid.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="1ae2" name="1ae2" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO strives not to use profanity. Wartime CEO sometimes uses profanity purposefully.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="42d2" name="42d2" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO thinks of the competition as other ships in a big ocean that may never engage. Wartime CEO thinks the competition is sneaking into her house and trying to kidnap her children.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="29a1" name="29a1" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO aims to expand the market. Wartime CEO aims to win the market.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="fb90" name="fb90" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO strives to tolerate deviations from the plan when coupled with effort and creativity. Wartime CEO is completely intolerant.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="8353" name="8353" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO does not raise her voice. Wartime CEO rarely speaks in a normal tone.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="64df" name="64df" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO works to minimize conflict. Wartime CEO heightens the contradictions.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="75f3" name="75f3" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO strives for broad-based buy-in. Wartime CEO neither indulges consensus building nor tolerates disagreements.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="3c2a" name="3c2a" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO sets big, hairy, audacious goals. Wartime CEO is too busy fighting the enemy to read management books written by consultants who have never managed a fruit stand.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="767f" name="767f" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO trains her employees to ensure satisfaction and career development. Wartime CEO trains her employees so they don’t get their asses shot off in the battle.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--blockquote" id="bd54" name="bd54" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px -23px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 20px; padding-top: 27px;">
Peacetime CEO has rules like “We’re going to exit all businesses where we’re not number one or two.” Wartime CEO often has no businesses that are number one or two and therefore does not have the luxury of following that rule.</blockquote>
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<h4 class="graf graf--h4 graf-after--blockquote" id="aecd" name="aecd" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.22; --x-height-multiplier: 0.342; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-sans-serif-font, "Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Sans", Geneva, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.012em; line-height: 1.22; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">
Take Care of the People, The Products, and the Profits — in That Order</h4>
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<div class="graf graf--p graf-after--p" id="b279" name="b279" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-top: 29px;">
<span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;">Firstly</span>, hire people with the right kind of ambition; otherwise, your company would turn into the political equivalent of the U.S Senate. The right kind is ambition for the company’s success; with the executive’s own success coming on only as a by-product.</div>
<div class="graf graf--p graf-after--p" id="7963" name="7963" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-top: 29px;">
<span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;">Secondly</span>, maintain strict policies and processes on organizational design, performance evaluations, promotions, and compensation</div>
<div class="graf graf--p graf-after--p" id="8513" name="8513" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-top: 29px;">
<span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;">Thirdly</span>, you should promote experienced employees by measuring results against objectives, management skills, innovation, and their ability to work well with others.</div>
<div class="graf graf--p graf-after--p" id="96f6" name="96f6" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-top: 29px;">
<span class="markup--strong markup--p-strong" style="font-weight: 700;">Fourthly</span>, ensure one-on-one meetings between employees and managers. These are an excellent platform for employees to discuss their as yet unheard brilliant ideas, pressing issues, and chronic frustrations.</div>
<div class="graf graf--p graf-after--p" id="96f6" name="96f6" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-top: 29px;">
<br /></div>
<h4 class="graf graf--h4 graf-after--p" id="8224" name="8224" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.22; --x-height-multiplier: 0.342; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-sans-serif-font, "Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Sans", Geneva, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.012em; line-height: 1.22; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">
Chapter 9: The End of the Beginning</h4>
<div class="graf graf--p graf-after--h4" id="2c6c" name="2c6c" style="--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.84); font-family: medium-content-serif-font, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 21px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-top: 6px;">
Continuing his personal story Horowitz recalls that after selling Opsware, he went to work for Hewlett-Packard, but he still knew he wanted to do something else. He decided to set up a firm designed to help technical founders run their companies. Technical founders are the best people to run technology companies. All long-lasting technologies thrived when led by their innovator ; Intel, Amazon, Apple, Google and Facebook had been run by their founders and in some cases still are to this day</div>
</div>
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</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-36815462859734684852019-06-24T19:00:00.000-07:002019-06-24T19:00:57.528-07:00The New One Minute Manager (Summary)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a data-href="https://www.amazon.com/New-One-Minute-Manager/dp/0062367544/" href="https://www.amazon.com/New-One-Minute-Manager/dp/0062367544/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #253e80; font-family: proxima-soft, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; outline: 0px;" target="_blank">The New One Minute Manager</a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: proxima-soft, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">, </span><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">by </span><span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><a class="a-link-normal" href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&text=Kenneth+Blanchard+Ph.D.&search-alias=books&field-author=Kenneth+Blanchard+Ph.D.&sort=relevancerank" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #0066c0; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Kenneth Blanchard Ph.D.</a> <span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">(Author), </span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><a class="a-link-normal" href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&text=Spencer+Johnson+M.D.&search-alias=books&field-author=Spencer+Johnson+M.D.&sort=relevancerank" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #0066c0; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Spencer Johnson M.D.</a> <span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">(Author)</span></span></span><div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">Traditional manager:</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">Bottom-line, stay on top of the situation, hard-nosed. realistic, and profit-minded.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">Result focused - Autocratic</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">People focused - Democratic</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">The top-down approach worked in the past today it doesn't inspire people or stifle innovation</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">In today's world customer demands quicker service and better products and that's why we need everyone to contribute</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">How to lead with collaboration:</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">Hybrid of people-focus and results-focused approach:</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">Meets once a week.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;">Checks the work done followed by feedback.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">What's next and their plans and strategies.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">We take collective decisions and it's binding on everybody.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">#1 Goals</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">Write and review the goals</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">#2 Praise</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #555555; font-family: Amazon Ember, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">#3 Re-Directs</span></span></div>
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<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="author notFaded" data-width="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><span class="contribution" spacing="none" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="a-color-secondary" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85) !important;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-16338877739659249042019-06-24T17:24:00.002-07:002019-06-24T17:26:09.736-07:00How to Read a Book a Day<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 class="title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: var(--ytd-video-primary-info-renderer-title-color, var(--yt-spec-text-primary)); font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: var(--ytd-video-primary-info-renderer-title-font-size, 1.8rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 2.4rem; margin: 0px; max-height: 4.8rem; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-shadow: var(--ytd-video-primary-info-renderer-title-text-shadow, none); transform: var(--ytd-video-primary-info-renderer-title-transform, none);">
<yt-formatted-string class="style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer" force-default-style="">How to Read a Book a Day | Jordan Harry </yt-formatted-string></h1>
<b><br /></b>
<b>Bad habits:</b><br />
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<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>Subvocalization: Avg talking speed is 200 wpm so the reading speed can be 250 wpm. Use tongue up technique and optimized your environment i.e. not too loud or not too quiet.</li>
<li>Regression: Lack of concentration. You need to start with the right questions to find the right information when reading. Use gliding don't read the previous sentence</li>
<li>Fixation: </li>
</ol>
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<br /></div>
<div>
<b>How to read a book a day:</b></div>
<div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>Front and back cover: 80% of book value can be found in 20% of the pages.</li>
<li>Table of contents</li>
<li>Skim: 10 seconds per page find the chapters and sub-heading and diagrams that stick out for you</li>
<li>Scan: 30 seconds per page</li>
<li>Speed Read: Bouncing, Gliding technique</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-45484513601462835932018-12-08T15:07:00.000-08:002018-12-08T15:10:51.238-08:003 Principles of API security by Intesar Mohammed<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<br /></div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>If you have not tested your APIs against a vulnerability type, it is least likely you're protected against the exploit.</li>
<li>If you don't understand a vulnerability type, it is least likely you'll be able to mitigate it when it's exploited.</li>
<li>If you're not aware of a vulnerability, it doesn't mean you don't have one.</li>
</ol>
</h3>
</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-87576432314878653252018-12-08T12:23:00.000-08:002018-12-08T12:23:03.013-08:005 Laws of Cybersecurity | Nick Espinosa<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>Law No. 1: If there is a vulnerability, it will be exploited.</li>
<li>Law No. 2: Everything is vulnerable in some way.</li>
<li>Law No. 3: Humans trusts even when they shouldn't.</li>
<li>Law No. 4: With innovation comes the opportunity for exploitation.</li>
<li>Law No. 5: When in doubt, see Law No. 1.</li>
</ol>
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<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Most important 3 laws:</div>
<div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>With innovation comes the opportunity for exploitation.</li>
<li>Everything is vulnerable in some way.</li>
<li>If there is a vulnerability, it will be exploited.</li>
</ol>
</div>
</h3>
</div>
</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-71578767880172682262018-11-03T11:26:00.000-07:002018-11-03T11:26:24.936-07:00Agile Patterns<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>Avatar</b>: Have a signal on an information radar that indicates who is working on what.<br />
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<b>Backlog</b>: Enumerate all work to be done in the form of an ordered list.<br />
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<b>Controlled Failure</b>: Terminate a project once it becomes clear that it is not viable. Accrued value is retained and project resources are freed for other activities<br />
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<b>Done</b>: Ensure all work is completed to a known standard, so misunderstanding is avoided and rework minimized.<br />
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<b>Increment</b>: Deliver a potentially releasable piece of work early and often.<br />
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<b>Forecast</b>: Predict completion time based on the estimated size of a backlog and a known velocity<br />
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<b>Information Radiator</b>: Make the status of a team and its work immediately apparent<br />
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<b>Inspect & Adapt</b>: Teams delivering value should be able to critique and improve their own working practices.<br />
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<b>Kanban Switch</b>: Have an appropriate agile way of working at each of three enterprise levels.<br />
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<b>Iterate</b>: Minimize stock-on-hand so as to deliver value more quickly and reduce waste.<br />
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<b>Product Ownership</b>: Provide a single business liaison who is able to represent customer needs in an accountable manner, able to provide effective pull on a team backlog, and who is empowered to make business decisions.<br />
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<b>Relative Sizing</b>: Allow a backlog to be ordered when it is difficult for team members to estimate the size of each item in a backlog.<br />
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<b>Quality of Service</b>: Vary the way backlog items are expedited and handled.<br />
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<b>Swarm</b>: Have all available resources work on one thing in order to expedite it as quickly as possible.<br />
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<b>Test-Driven Development</b>: First, prove that an unmet need has been met without breaking anything else. Then, optimize the solution.<br />
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<b>Pivot</b>: A structured course correction that allows a new hypothesis involving different choices to be tested.<br />
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<b>Co-location</b>: The placing of team members in physical proximity to each other so that the best communication and collaborative potential can be leveraged.<br />
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<b>Refinement</b>: The clarifying and ordering of items on a backlog so that they are ready to be worked on.<br />
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<b>Scrum of Scrums</b>: A collaborative activity between representatives of multiple agile teams in order to focus and replan around a shared purpose.<br />
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<b>Championship</b>: The accountability of a particular agile team member toward providing a needed skill or capability.<br />
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<b>Scrumban</b>: The gradual replacement of Scrum Sprints with a more Kanban-like system of continuous flow.<br />
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<b>Single-piece flow</b>: A special case of limited WIP intended to maximize throughput, such that a team only has one item of work in progress at any given time.<br />
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<b>Time-boxing</b>: The discipline of ensuring that an event, such as an inspect-adapt meeting or an iteration, does not exceed a maximum period of time.<br />
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<b>Trade</b>: The moving of one or more work items out-of-scope so they can be replaced by more valuable work of similar size.<br />
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<b>Management by exception</b>: The delegation of authority to act within specified tolerances, only involving others if those tolerances are exceeded.<br />
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<b>Peer</b>: A team member who can support team responsibilities and accountabilities.<br />
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<b>Teamwork</b>: Getting people to collaborate on work being actioned so that increments are developed as efficiently as possible.<br />
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<b>Release orchestration</b>: Ensuring that delivery teams contributing to the release of a product or service are aligned to do so, and that no opportunity to address market demand is lost.<br />
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<b>Epic</b>: The grouping of certain items on a backlog in terms of a highvalue feature.<br />
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<b>Metrics</b>: Provide actionable, non-subjective data so that informed decisions can be made.<br />
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<b>Minimum viable product</b>: Deliver a small portion of value in order to provide an early return on investment, and/or to allow lessons to be learned as quickly as possible.<br />
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<b>Proxy product ownership</b>: Authorizing a suitable stand-in should a product owner be indisposed.<br />
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<b>Value stream</b>: Understanding the value being added at each stage of a process with a view to eliminating waste.<br />
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<b>Sponsorship</b>: The sense of urgency conveyed by management in support of an initiative, and which must be sufficient to overcome organizational gravity.<br />
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<b>DEALING WITH ANTIPATTERNS</b> Agile antipatterns are organizational impediments to agile practice that should be challenged and removed. They are best tackled by means of the patterns that are most likely to eliminate them.<br />
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<b>Cherry-picking</b>: Team members are often tempted to select items from a backlog that they expect to be the most gratifying for them or the easiest to do. Swarming on items may help, as it requires team members to collaborate more closely.<br />
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<b>Cloned avatar</b>: If development team members are given unclear priorities in a high-pressure environment, they can be tempted to start development on an item without first completing the work they have in progress. By duplicating their avatar, they can then claim to those exerting the pressure that work is underway. Limiting work in progress is likely to be beneficial, as a pull-based system ought to be encouraged.<br />
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<b>Death march</b>: It can be politically difficult to cancel a struggling initiative if it has already absorbed significant resources. To do so may imply that the project has been a poor investment and that the time and money committed has been lost. Stakeholders would prefer to continue with a failing project and hope for sudden and improbable change. Controlled failure must be recognized as an option.<br />
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<b>Disguised project</b>: Some changes to IT systems can be trivial in nature, such as minor amendments to site content or defect fixes. This type of work is considered to be "business as usual" (BAU) and as such, it is often absorbed by the organization-at-large as an operational expense. Departmental stakeholders who want more substantial changes must usually resource a suitable project from their capital budgets. They therefore have an incentive to disguise such work, either by misrepresenting it as a normal operational small change or by breaking it up into a series of small changes that they hope will slip through a BAU work-stream unnoticed. The Kanban sandwich and value stream patterns might provide remedy<br />
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<b>Unbounded timebox</b>: Allow an indeterminate amount of time for the completion of a task. Teams can be tempted to try to extend an available time-box if doing so increases the chances of an intermediate goal being met. The team can then create the illusion of success even though the deliveries that were forecast have not been made. Good time-boxing will avoid this by ensuring that a maximum time limit is observed.<br />
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<b>Uncommitment</b>: Team members who do not value the product or Sprint goal, or who are allowed to accept other priorities, may be tempted to admit unplanned work into a Sprint. This can include work from forceful parties which the product owner does not value. Strong product ownership is important if this problem is to be overcome.<br />
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<b>Undefined done</b>: Progress work as quickly as possible and without sufficient regard for quality. Technical debt is likely to result. Observing a definition of done that assures each increment as being of release quality is essential.<br />
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<b>Unlimited WIP</b>: When faced with competing and vociferous stakeholder demands, team members can feel obliged to action multiple items simultaneously. In an attempt to pacify stakeholders, they can therefore claim that an item is being worked on and is no longer enqueued. Both good product ownership and a team determination to limit WIP appropriately are needed to overcome this.<br />
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<b>Distributed team</b>: Physical constraints, such as desk space and the wider geography of an organization, may inhibit the co-location of team members. The need for agile team members to work in proximity to each other can present logistical issues that managers are unwilling to overcome. As such, a logical team boundary will be made to span physical boundaries. Managers can thus avoid an immediate resourcing issue while offloading the management of any risk incurred to the teams themselves. Co-location is generally advantageous and can reinforce the teamwork pattern.<br />
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<b>Management by reporting</b>: Highlight issues and concerns while deferring the risk of taking action to others — at least to a later date. The hope is to avoid personal exposure should there be negative consequences from taking action. Management by exception can be a more practical alternative in so far as it establishes clear tolerances.<br />
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<b>Micromanagement</b>: Managers can find it hard to delegate operational responsibilities. There are a number of possible motives for a manager wishing to retain control. For example, the manager may not trust others to perform the duties satisfactorily, or he or she may simply enjoy dealing with operational matters. A servant leader will coach more constructive behaviors, and the team should be encouraged to inspect and adapt its own way of working. Again, establishing clear tolerances through management by exception can help.<br />
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<b>Sprint zero</b>: Set up an agile project, while contextualizing unplanned initialization overheads in agile terms. No value is released, and empirical process control is not established. Ensuring that the iteration and increment patterns are used together can be wise.<br />
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<b>Time theft</b>: Agile teams draw their work from prioritized backlogs, which means that those waiting at the bottom of the queue may expect some degree of delay. Such parties may thus be incentivized to circumvent the backlog management process by approaching team members directly for assistance. Parties seeking assistance in matters that lie beyond the team's remit can have an additional incentive, given that such activities would not be appropriate for inclusion on the team's backlog in the first place. A good servant leader, such as a Scrum master, will protect a team from such interference.<br />
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<b>Too busy</b>: Key stakeholders often have responsibilities that span multiple teams (e.g. product owners, senior designers, and architects). If they do not value a team's product or service particularly highly, they may be tempted to abdicate or defer their stakeholder duties in order to give other matters their attention. Sponsorship for the initiative is essential. Controlled failure may be the best option in severe cases.<br />
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<b>Unbounded team</b>: The allocation of team members to certain workstreams implies that they will not be available for others. This is a constraint on organizational behavior since it means that managers cannot assign people to multiple duties in a reactive or ad hoc manner. Organizations can be tempted to compromise on such discipline for the sake of expediency or in support of "firefighting." Teams should be able to inspect and adapt their own membership and to frame their own teamwork commitments.<br />
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<b>Unresolved proxy</b>: Multiple stakeholders can have an interest in a product and each may only be able to articulate the requirements in their area. Consequently, a senior product owner may be tempted to delegate ownership to multiple proxies. Good product ownership ensures that one clear authority is accountable for value.<br />
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<b>Vanity metrics</b>: Use only the most favorable metrics in order to strike a posture. Team members can be tempted to show their efforts in the best light rather than in a more objective one. Good metrics are based on data which supports inspection and adaptation and the taking of informed, constructive action.<br />
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<b>Waterscrumfall</b>: Organizations may often have the goal of adopting an agile way of working, but they can lack the cultural grit to transition away from an established stage-gated culture. They then attempt to affect a compromise in which an iterative development approach is encapsulated within a development stage. In doing so, they hope to leverage the benefits of agile practice while not actually changing the organization's delivery approach or the terms of reference that are comfortable to stakeholders. The transformation pattern helps challenge this thinking, as it puts empirical process control at the heart of an enterprise change attempt<br />
<br /></div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-23988583286218147692018-10-21T17:39:00.000-07:002018-10-21T17:39:11.435-07:00The Way of the Wolf: Straight Line Selling <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 48px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px;">
The Way of the Wolf: Straight Line Selling (Book Summary)</h1>
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<time class="entry-time" datetime="2018-05-14T14:50:51+00:00" itemprop="datePublished" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 10px;">May 14, 2018</time> <span class="entry-author" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 10px;"><a class="entry-author-link" href="https://sellingsherpa.com/index.php/author/jdonovan/" itemprop="url" rel="author" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out 0s;"><span class="entry-author-name" itemprop="name" style="box-sizing: border-box;">jdonovan</span></a></span></div>
</header><div class="entry-content" itemprop="text" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both;">
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<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01MG7ETBM" rel="noopener" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #e12727; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out 0s;" target="_blank">Way of the Wolf: Straight Line Selling: Master the Art of Persuasion, Influence, and Success</a>by Belfort, Jordan</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">1 CRACKING THE CODE FOR SALES AND INFLUENCE</span></div>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">In every sale, three core elements, known as The Three Tens, must line up in any prospect’s mind before you have a shot at closing them. Logically and emotionally, on a certainty scale from one to ten, your prospect must:<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: level1 0; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">trust your product to fulfill their needs at a cost-benefit ratio that is unequivocally a great deal</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">trust and connect with you as an expert in your field who put’s your customers’ needs first</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">trust and connect with your company</li>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">People don’t buy on logic; they buy on emotion and then justify their decision with logic. In terms of the split between logic and emotion, you’re always going to build airtight logical cases first and airtight emotional cases second. Why? Quite simply, by making the airtight logical case first, you satisfy your prospect’s bullshit detector, which then frees them up to be moved emotionally.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">We do not make a full-blown sales presentation to someone who is not interested in buying what we’re selling. Instead, we want to weed these people out as quickly as possible, during the intelligence – gathering phase</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Objections are merely smokescreens for uncertainty for one or all of the Three Tens.</li>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">2 INVENTING THE STRAIGHT LINE</span></div>
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<img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-410 aligncenter" data-attachment-id="410" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="straight-line" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/sellingsherpa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/straight-line.jpg?fit=998%2C641&ssl=1" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/sellingsherpa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/straight-line.jpg?fit=300%2C193&ssl=1" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/sellingsherpa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/straight-line.jpg?fit=998%2C641&ssl=1" data-orig-size="998,641" data-permalink="https://sellingsherpa.com/index.php/2018/05/14/the-way-of-the-wolf-straight-line-selling-book-summary/straight-line/" height="193" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://i1.wp.com/sellingsherpa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/straight-line-300x193.jpg?resize=300%2C193" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/sellingsherpa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/straight-line.jpg?resize=300%2C193&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/sellingsherpa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/straight-line.jpg?resize=768%2C493&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/sellingsherpa.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/straight-line.jpg?w=998&ssl=1 998w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 24px; max-width: 100%;" width="300" /></div>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">While you’re on the straight line, you are doing all the talking. During the sale, your prospect keeps trying to take you off the straight line and take control of the conversation.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">You start by taking immediate control via gathering intelligence by asking questions in a manner and sequence that not only promotes a smooth, mutually productive intelligence but also builds rapport</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Identify their core and secondary needs</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Identify any core beliefs they might have that could impact the sale, such as not feeling comfortable working over the phone or with making quick decisions, and also not trusting salespeople in general.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Find out about any past experiences they’ve had with similar products, both good and bad, and how they feel about the salespeople they bought them from.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Identify their values — meaning, what things are most important to them?</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Identify their financial standards, insofar as what level of wealth and spending ability they need to have to feel good about themselves.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Identify where their pain lies — meaning, what’s keeping them up at night? What’s that one single financial worry that sits at the very base of their skull and weighs them down, like an anchor?</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Seventh, you need to identify where they stand financially, in terms of how much money they have in the market right now, how liquid they are, how much money they typically invest into an idea they like, and how much they are liquid for overall.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Five Core Elements of the Straight Line System</li>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">The prospect must love your product</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">The prospect must trust and connect with you</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">The prospect must trust and connect with your company</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">The action threshold – your prospect must be at a level of certainty on each the Three Tens to be willing to buy</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">The pain threshold –</li>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Every word that comes out of your mouth is feeding into one single goal, which is to increase your prospect’s level of certainty to the highest possible level</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">In the vast majority of cases, you’re going to have to ask for the order at least two or three times before you have any chance of your prospect saying yes.</li>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">3 THE FIRST FOUR SECONDS</span></div>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Three things that you need to establish in those first four seconds of an encounter if you want to be perceived in just the right way</li>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Sharp as a tack</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Enthusiastic as hell (specifically, “bottled enthusiasm”)</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">An expert in your field</li>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">We all want to deal with pros or experts. You have to sound and act like someone who can help the prospect fulfill their needs and desires.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Add value by offering a unique perspective during the sales conversation, demonstrating extensive knowledge and understanding of the market, industry, product, prospect, and competitors.</li>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">4 TONALITY AND BODY LANGUAGE</span></div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">How you say what you say has a profound impact on how it’s perceived and, for that matter, how you are perceived</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Bottled enthusiasm, which sits just below the surface and literally bubbles over as you speak. It’s about enunciating your words with absolute clarity and stressing your consonants so that your words have an intensity to them.</li>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">5 STATE MANAGEMENT</span></div>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Your success is still going to be contingent on your ability to trigger a key emotional state within yourself as you’re about to enter the sales encounter, and then maintain that state to the very end.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Future pacing entails running an imaginary movie through your mind where you get to see yourself in the future having already achieved a certain outcome.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">In terms of achieving success in sales, there are four key states that you need to learn how to trigger at will within state management. We call them the four Cs; Certainty, clarity, confidence, and courage.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">The basic premise of NLP anchoring is that human beings have the ability to choose how they feel at a particular moment. NLP has distilled the entire state management process into two core elements, both of which are under a person’s conscious control.</li>
</ul>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">What you choose to focus on.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Your current physiology. Comprised of the sum of all the possible ways that you can move and hold your body — your posture, your facial expressions, how you move your appendages, your rate of breathing, your overall level of motion</li>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">6 A SUREFIRE FORMULA FOR MANAGING YOUR STATE</span></div>
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There are five basic steps to NLP anchoring:</div>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Choose a state</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Choose your focus</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Choose your physiology</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Intensify your state</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Set your anchor as follows: When you are at the absolute peak of the state<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: level2 0; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Link it to a smell – BoomBoom stick at <a href="http://www.boomboomenergy.com/" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #e12727; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out 0s;">boomboomenergy.com</a></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Ball your hands up into fists and dig your fingernails into your palms</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Belt out the word ”yes” in a powerful yet controlled manner</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Repeat a-c ten seconds later</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 30px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">7 ADVANCED TONALITY</span></div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Your words that move a prospect logically, and it’s your tonality that moves your prospect emotionally.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">A salesperson should never address their prospect in an overly formal manner; instead, the salesperson should address the prospect in the way they would respectfully address a friend. So, instead of saying, “Hi, my name is Bill Peterson, from the Acme Travel Company. I’m looking for Mr. John Smith. Is he home?”— which is the equivalent of death — the salesperson should simply say, in a very upbeat tone, ”Hi, is John there?”</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Ten Core Influencing Tonalities</li>
</ul>
<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: level1 0; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">“I care”, or, “I really want to know” – upbeat and enthusiastic</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Phrasing a declarative as a question – ex: “Hi, my name is Bill Peterson? Calling from Acme Travel Company? In Beverly Hills, California? How are you today?”</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Mystery and intrigue – esp. when explaining the precise reason why you called the prospect today.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Scarcity (to create urgency) – lower your voice to a whisper as if you are sharing a secret</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">absolute certainty – firm and definitive</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">utter sincerity – calm, smooth, & confident; velvety smooth; humble</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">reasonable man – raising your voice at the end of a sentence to imply reasonableness; ex: “You got a minute?”</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">hypothetical, money aside – Ex: So let’s say in response to you asking for the order, your prospect says, “It sounds good. Let me think about it. “Your reply would be, “I hear what you’re saying, but let me ask you a question. Does the idea make sense to you? Do you like the idea?”</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Implied obviousness – to infer the notion that it’s beyond obvious that your product or service is a winner.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">“I feel your pain” – use when you’re asking questions that are designed to uncover your prospect’s primary and secondary pain points</li>
</ol>
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<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 30px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">8 ADVANCED BODY LANGUAGE</span></div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">The best way to dress is in a style that’s congruent with your profession.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">When selling (in person) to another man (whether you are a man or a woman), “corner off” by standing at a light angle to the man, as opposed to directly in front of him. When selling to a woman, stand directly in front of her with your hand above waist level where she can see them</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">To gain control (1) match the other person without overtly copying/mirroring them (2) then lead them</li>
</ul>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">9 THE ART OF PROSPECTING</span></div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Four buying archetypes.</li>
</ul>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Buyers in heat – they’ve already made the decision to do something about it now</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Buyers in power – aren’t consciously feeling pain from their unfilled need, which causes them to lack the same level of urgency as buyers in heat.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Lookie-loos – weed these out.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Mistakes / “People who were dragged there” – weed these out.</li>
</ol>
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<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 30px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">10 THE TEN RULES OF STRAIGHT LINE PROSPECTING</span></div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 1; You are a sifter, not an alchemist.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 2; Always ask for permission to ask questions. Ex: “John, let me ask you just a couple of quick questions, so I can see exactly what your needs are. “</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 3; You must always use a script.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 4; Go from less invasive questions to more invasive questions.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 5; Ask each question using the right tonality.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 6; Use the correct body language as the prospect responds.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 7; Always follow a logical path.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 8; Make mental notes; don’t resolve their pain. You do not want to try to resolve their pain at this point. In fact, if anything, you want to amplify that pain.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 9; Always end with a powerful transition. “Well, John, based on everything you just said to me, this program is definitely a perfect fit for you. Let me tell you why… “</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rule # 10; Stay on the Straight Line; don’t go spiraling off to Pluto.</li>
</ul>
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<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rapport is by far the single most misunderstood word in the English language. Do not talk about things that aren’t germane to the prospect’s outcome. For example, If they try to take you off track, say, “It sounds really interesting. I can see why you feel that way. Now as far as your goal for learning how to trade currencies goes…”</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Rapport is not a constant; it goes up and down throughout the sale, depending on the following two things:</li>
</ul>
<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: level1 0; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">how your prospect thinks and feels about the last point you made;</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">his belief as to whether or not you are on the same page with him, in regard to that point.</li>
</ol>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">11 THE ART AND SCIENCE OF MAKING WORLD – CLASS SALES PRESENTATIONS</span></div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Charisma is the foundation of rapport; it is the sense that he cares about me, he understands me, and he feels my pain. Charisma’s has three components:</li>
</ul>
<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: level1 0; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Effective use of tonality</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Targeted use of body language</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Not saying stupid shit.</li>
</ol>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Your script is all of your best sales lines, arranged in exactly the right order — starting with those all – important first four seconds and continuing on straight through to the end, at which point your prospect will either buy, or you will end the sales encounter in a respectful way.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">You need to become proficient in the art of reading from a script without sounding like you’re reading from a script; and second, you need to become proficient in the art of writing a script that will allow you to sound perfectly natural when you read it.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">For your script to be effective:</li>
</ul>
<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: level1 0; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Your script must not be front-loaded. Front-loading is when you disclose all your major benefits right up front, which leaves you with nothing powerful to say to change your prospect’s mind when they hit you with the first objection</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Focus on the benefits, not the features.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Your script must have stopping-off points. If you make a powerful statement, and then another powerful statement, and then yet another powerful statement, by the time you’ve made the third powerful statement, they’ve all started to blend in with one another, and they lose their power. This is why a well – written script has an abundance of stopping – off points, where the prospect will interact with you and affirm that you’re still on the same page. For instance, pause to ask: “You follow me so far?” or ”Make sense?” or ”Are you with me?”</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Write in the spoken word, not grammatically correct English.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Your script must flow perfectly.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Your scripts must be honest and ethical.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Remember the overarching equation of energy in, benefits out. In other words, closing should be easy for the prospect. Ex: “Now, John, getting started here is very, very simple. It’s just a question of your name, some basic information, and then we handle everything else for you over on this end. And when you combine that with [ benefit # 1 ] and [ benefit # 2 ] and [ benefit # 3 ], then, believe me, John, the only problem you’re going to have is that you didn’t buy more. Sound fair enough?”</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">A Straight Line script is part of a series of scripts. One for the first 4 seconds; one for the main body; several rebuttal scripts for common questions; looping scripts to bring you back to the straight line when you encounter questions or objections or digressions.</li>
</ol>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Every product or service will have its own predetermined sales cycle that has a set number of days between calls. At a certain point, when a prospect has exceeded the outer limit for the number of days between calls, the lead goes into a dead pile, which eventually gets redistributed to someone else in the sales force after the appropriate amount of time</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Here are some sample big-picture questions that can be used in virtually any industry;<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: circle;">What do you like or dislike about your current supplier?</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: circle;">What is your biggest headache with your business?</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: circle;">What would be your ideal program if you could design it?</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: circle;">Of all the factors that we have just spoken about, what is the most important to you?</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: circle;">Have I asked about everything that’s important to you?</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">12 THE ART AND SCIENCE OF LOOPING</span></div>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">No matter which objection your prospect hits you with, you are always going to answer in exactly the same way. You’re going to say:</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">“I hear what you’re saying, Bill, but let me ask you a question; Does the idea make sense to you? Do you like the idea?” Now, notice how, rather than directly answering his objection, you deflected it instead.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">Four ways to lower your prospect’s action threshold.</li>
</ul>
<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: level1 0; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Offer your prospect a money – back guarantee.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Offer your prospect a cooling off or rescission period.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">Use certain key phrases that paint a picture that runs counter to the worries and concerns that a typical high–action – threshold prospect ruminates on. Some examples of this are: ”I’ll hold your hand every step of the way”… “We pride ourselves on long-term relationships”… “We have blue – chip customer service. “</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.8em 0px 0px 1em; text-indent: -1.5em;">(most effective) Use a very powerful language pattern that allows you to temporarily ”reverse” a high–action – threshold prospect’s parallel movies — “Bill, let me ask you an honest question; what’s the worst that can possibly happen here? I mean, let’s say I’m wrong and the stock actually goes down a few points, and you lose two thousand bucks.</li>
</ol>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.8em 0px 0.8em 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style-type: disc;">As soon as you sense that your prospect is feeling even the slightest bit pressured, you immediately want to pull back and say something along the lines of “Jim, please don’t misconstrue my enthusiasm for pressure; it’s just that I know that this truly is a perfect fit for you.”</li>
</ul>
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Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-21140844317292844822018-10-08T13:44:00.003-07:002018-10-08T13:44:24.540-07:00PRE-SUASION - Robert Cialdini<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The hard work is not the key but the <b>perfection of the message</b> is the key.<br />
What goes before effects the sale.<br />
Test to demonstrate how little they know<br />
Establish trust - <b>Ask people to provide their env and passwords</b>.<br />
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to buy a box of expensive chocolates, first arrange for them to write down a number that’s much larger than the price of the chocolates.</li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Ask them to write Security, Quality, Infrastructure cost: $50,000/mo</b></li>
</ul>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to choose a bottle of French wine, first expose them to French background music before they decide.</li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Security background on the slides and product</b></li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to agree to try an untested product, first inquire whether they consider themselves adventurous.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want to convince people to select a highly popular item, we can begin by showing them a scary movie.</li>
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<ul>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Show a happy movie coz we're not popular</b></li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to choose a more expensive but more comfy option, first show them fluffy clouds</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to feel warmly toward you, hand them a hot drink.</li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Hand them access to their Org right before the demo</b></li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to be more helpful to you, first have them look at photos of individuals standing close together.</li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to be more achievement oriented, first provide them with an image of a runner winning a race.</li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Show them the Google, Apple, Microsoft photos</b></li>
</ul>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to make careful assessments, first show them a picture of Auguste Rodin’s The Thinker.</li>
</ul>
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<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PRE-SUASION (SPEED SUMMARY)</span></h1>
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<li class="grve-field-date" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font: inherit; margin: 0px 15px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="grve-icon-date" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #454545; font-family: osmosis !important; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; speak: none; text-rendering: auto; text-transform: none; top: 2px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><time datetime="2016-12-20T20:54:46+00:00" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DECEMBER 20, 2016</time></li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font: inherit; margin: 0px 15px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://brandgenetics.com/pre-suasion-speed-summary/#grve-about-author" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #6e7177; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="grve-icon-user" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #454545; font-family: osmosis !important; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; speak: none; text-rendering: auto; text-transform: none; top: 2px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PAUL MARSDEN</span></a></li>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion: A Revolutionary Way to Influence and Persuade</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Author: Robert Cialdini</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Publisher: Random House Books</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Publication: 2016</li>
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The most valuable commodity of the 21st century is attention.</div>
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Although attributed to investor and philanthropist Esther Dyson, this insight is subject of Robert Cialdini’s new book Pre-suasion. ‘<strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion’ is the art of influence by capturing and channeling attention</strong>. Rather than seek to change what people <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">think</em> (difficult), change what they <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">think about</em> instead by directing their attention (easy). The changed focus of our attention primes, anchors, frames and sets the agenda for our subseqeunt choices. Smart influence happens before any message is sent.</div>
<div style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #6e7177; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 2.143em; margin-bottom: 30px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">
<em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</em> may be controversial for traditional communicators – it argues that influence is primarily a game of attention and association, not persuasion and argument. But Robert Cialdini has pedigree in the field of communications. He is author of one of the most influential business books of all time – <a href="http://brandgenetics.com/influence-the-science-of-persuasion-speed-summary/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Influence</a>, a 1984 book that is still #1 bestselling book on consumer behaviour on Amazon. Whilst <strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Influence</em> focuses on <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">what </span></span>to say to influence consumers</strong>, distilling the findings of scientific research into six universal messages, <strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</em> focuses on <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">when</em></span> to influence</strong>. And that time is before people notice they are being influenced.</div>
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Pre-suasion is built around the ideas of <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">anchoring</em> and <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">priming</em>. Anchoring – also known as the focusing effect/focusing illusion – is an attentional bias that means we systematically rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the “anchor”) when making decisions. Priming refers to how our attention and responses are systematically biased by what we’ve just been exposed to (exposure to one stimulus influences the response to another stimulus). Together priming and anchoring mean that whatever first captures our attention is seen as important, causal and directs our response.</div>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to buy a box of expensive chocolates, first arrange for them to write down a number that’s much larger than the price of the chocolates.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to choose a bottle of French wine, first expose them to French background music before they decide.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to agree to try an untested product, first inquire whether they consider themselves adventurous.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want to convince people to select a highly popular item, we can begin by showing them a scary movie.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to choose a more expensive but more comfy option, first show them fluffy clouds</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to feel warmly toward you, hand them a hot drink.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to be more helpful to you, first have them look at photos of individuals standing close together.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to be more achievement oriented, first provide them with an image of a runner winning a race.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want people to make careful assessments, first show them a picture of Auguste Rodin’s The Thinker.</li>
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Priming Associations</h3>
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Do you know the positive words and imagery that people associate with your category and category-related goals. No? Well you’ll need to find out in order to become proficient in the art of pre-suasion. For example, if you want people to improve performance, first expose them to images and words associated with <a href="http://acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/dirk-files/Papers/Automaticity%20of%20social%20behavior/AutomatedWill_BarghLee-ChaiBarndollarGollwitzerTrotschel.pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">performance</a> (<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">win</span>, <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">attain</span>, <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">succeed</span>, <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">master</span>).</div>
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These words and images are ‘primes’ that have ‘associative coherence’ with desired outcomes, and ready our mind for an associated response. For instance, telephone fund-raisers <a href="http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/15351/1/Shantz-A-15351.pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">raised 60% more money</a> when their script sheet contained an image of a runner winning at race. We may diss motivation posters as cheesy but they work. Likewise, young women do better on science, maths, and leadership tasks if assigned to rooms with cues (photos, for example) of women known to have mastered the tasks.</div>
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More generally, by embedding evocative associations in an initial framing message, you can prime how people respond to a subsequent message. For example, Stanford University researchers published two version of a news story about crime rates with just one word change – the soaring crime was either described as a ‘ravaging beast’ or ‘ravaging virus’. When asked for their preferred solution – either catching and caging criminals or deal with underlying ‘unhealthy’ causes, those who saw the beast version tended to recommend the catch and cage solution, whilst those who saw the virus version recommended dealing with unhealthy causes (poverty, unemployment). The associative coherence between the descriptive metaphor and preferred solution directed preference.</div>
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The practical upshot. Map positive associations – word associations and sensory associations (sounds, tastes, scents, touch and sights) related to category goals and benefits and use these positive association to pre-suade by priming.</div>
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<img alt="" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4281 jetpack-lazy-image jetpack-lazy-image--handled" data-attachment-id="4281" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="screenshot_258" data-large-file="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?fit=1080%2C857&ssl=1" data-lazy-loaded="1" data-medium-file="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?fit=300%2C238&ssl=1" data-orig-file="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?fit=1636%2C1298&ssl=1" data-orig-size="1636,1298" data-permalink="https://brandgenetics.com/pre-suasion-speed-summary/screenshot_258/" data-recalc-dims="1" height="857" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" src="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?resize=1080%2C857" srcset="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?w=1636&ssl=1 1636w, https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?resize=300%2C238&ssl=1 300w, https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?resize=768%2C609&ssl=1 768w, https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_258.jpg?resize=1400%2C1111&ssl=1 1400w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font: inherit; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 10px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="1080" /></div>
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Embedding Associations</h3>
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Pre-suasion is the art and science of capturing and channelling attention. The big marketing challenge in a cluttered world is capturing attention. So whilst your may know the associations that you want to use to prime your audience’s mind, you first need to capture attention. How do you do that? Pre-suasion lists 6 attention grabbing strategies</div>
<ul style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #6e7177; font: inherit; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 28px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Sexual</strong>. Sexual stimuli have a pervasive power to command our attention, and influence our action, but the influence is more subtle and selective than we may think. For example, a recent field experiment found that only 20% of men would agree to help a woman after having been asked for directions to Martin Street, but 36.7% agreed to help after having been asked for directions to <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nicolas_Gueguen/publication/247396617_Valentine_Street_Promotes_Chivalrous_Helping/links/54257a2e0cf2e4ce9403832e.pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Valentine Street</a>. The men had been primed with romantic associations, and behaved more chivalrously. On the other hand, <a href="https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/bul-bul0000018.pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">only 8%</a> of top advertising campaigns use sex to sell. Why? Because sex only sells when the product is linked to sexuality (cosmetics, perfume, form-fitting clothing). Sex doesn’t sell soda, soap powder or white goods because there is no strong association in the mind of the audience between sex and the product.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Threatening</strong>. Threats to our personal safety or the safety of those we care about has attention grabbing power. It’s arguably what attention is for – being alert to threats. Threat and fear appeals, such as in <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hart_Blanton/publication/262148008_Effect_of_Graphic_Cigarette_Warnings_on_Smoking_Intentions_in_Young_Adults/links/54454cc70cf22b3c14dde2e5.pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">tobacco packaging</a>, have been <a href="https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/bul-a0039729.pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">shown</a> to be pre-suasively effective, <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">when</span> they are followed by clear instructions on how to avoid the threat. Perhaps more interesting from an advertising perspective is when the pre-suasion and persuasion are uncoupled. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2735890/pdf/nihms101563.pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Research</a> carried out by Cialdini and evolutionary psychologist Vlad Griskevicius found that the perception of threat opens us up to messages to be part of a group (where there is safety and strength in numbers). In this experiment people people responded favourably to an ad for SF Museum of Modern Art that stressed its popularity (“Visited by over a million people each year) after having seen a violent movie, but not after seeing a romantic movie. After the romantic movie, that ad that worked best emphasised distinctiveness of museum attendance (“Stand out from the crowd”). Once again, what happened before influenced how a subsequent message was received. The implication is ads and products that help people stand out will perform better when placed in or after romantic content, whilst ads and products that help people fit in will perform better in or after violent or threatening content.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Different</strong>. In order to survive, we need to be aware of changes to our environment – and whenever we first register a change around us, we have an ‘orienting response’ that involves diverting our attention to it. If something is distinctive, out of the ordinary is stands out, it grabs our attention. And because it grabs our attention, the importance of what makes it distinctive is amplified. This attention-grabbing capacity of the distinctive can accentuate the influence subsequent messages. For example, an experiment at <a href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.336.6851&rep=rep1&type=pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">NorthWestern</a> involving a side by side online comparison of two sofas, one with comfy cushions, and the other with sturdy cushions resulted in a 58 percent to 42 percent preference for the sturdy cushion, but when two extra sofas with sturdy cushions were added to the comparison, preference for the different and distinctive sofa with comfy cushions increase to 77%. Bottom line, you don’t just have to Think Different, you have to <a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0036S4CNE" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">be Different</a>.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Self-Relevant</strong>. Our attention appears to be honed to information about us, or relevant to us. From the background chatter at a party, we have an uncanny knack of hearing someone mentioning our name (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocktail_party_effect" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">cocktail party effect</a>). In personal health, a message that is self-relevant because it has been tailored to or references us is more likely to capture our attention, interest, be memorised and even acted upon. In fact, simply using the word you rather than ‘people’ may boost self-relevance</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Unfinished</strong>. Our attention and memory shuts down once a problem is solved or an action completed. In contrast our attention remains drawn to unfinished business. The idea that people remember uncompleted or interrupted tasks better than completed tasks is known as the <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Zeigarnik Effect (after Blumer Zeigarnik – a student of psychologist Kurt Lewin). </span>This explains why we remember stuff – <a href="https://www.acrwebsite.org/search/view-conference-proceedings.aspx?Id=12042" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">including ads</a> – better if they are unfinished, because our attention will remain drawn to it as we crave cognitive closure. A <a href="http://coglab.wjh.harvard.edu/~dtg/Whitchurch%20et%20al%20(2011).pdf" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff6863; font: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">recent Facebook experiment</a> shows the capacity of the unfinished to command our attention. College women viewed the Facebook profiles of four male students who had previously seen their profiles and were told whether the male students were attracted to them a lot, no more than average, or not told at all. As was predicted by ‘reciprocity principle’ (we like others who like us), the women were more attracted to the men that liked them a lot. But they were even more attracted to the men for whom they didn’t know. We may crave closure, but we can be attracted to the unfinished.</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Mysterious</strong>. Mysteries intrigue and captivate our attention. Good writers and teachers know this, and will structure what they share as mysteries to be solved. They will begin by posing the subject as a mystery, and then deepen the mystery with surprising observations. Then, they’ll tease the audience by considering and discounting plausible but incorrect explantations, and then provide a clue to the real explanation. Only then will they resolve the mystery, and draw the implications. Whilst Cialdini does not share experimental evidence of the effectiveness of mystery at capturing, he points to his career and success has been built on systematically using it.</li>
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<img alt="" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4282 jetpack-lazy-image jetpack-lazy-image--handled" data-attachment-id="4282" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="screenshot_254" data-large-file="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?fit=1080%2C600&ssl=1" data-lazy-loaded="1" data-medium-file="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?fit=300%2C167&ssl=1" data-orig-file="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?fit=1602%2C890&ssl=1" data-orig-size="1602,890" data-permalink="https://brandgenetics.com/pre-suasion-speed-summary/screenshot_254/" data-recalc-dims="1" height="600" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" src="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?resize=1080%2C600" srcset="https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?w=1602&ssl=1 1602w, https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?resize=300%2C167&ssl=1 300w, https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?resize=768%2C427&ssl=1 768w, https://i2.wp.com/brandgenetics.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/screenshot_254.png?resize=1400%2C778&ssl=1 1400w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font: inherit; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 10px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="1080" /></div>
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Bringing it altogether</h3>
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The opportunity for marketers is to combine the embedding of associations in pre-suasive communication, with the embedding of influence cues form Cialdini’s Influence in messages. This one-two of influence – pre-suasion then persuasion – provides marketers with a powerful communications framework that moves beyond mere argument.</div>
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In doing so, the promise is that you turbo-charge your influence. Combining the two steps to influence – Cialdini provides a process for non-rational influence.</div>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Start with <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</span>. Capture and channel attention with by embedding positive category (goal) associations in attention appeals (The Sexual, The Threatening, The Different, The Self-Relevant, The Unfinished, The Mysterious)</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Then use <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Liking</span> (The obligations of friendship, or of being swayed by people you like) and <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Reciprocity</span>(The obligation to give back) to establish rapport and cultivate a positive association with you as a communicator – in a meaningful, unexpected, and customized manner</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now use <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Authority</span> (We follow those we view as experts) and <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Social Proof</span> (The power of consensus, doing what we feel others are also doing) to reduce perceptions of uncertainty and risk</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Finally, use <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Consistency</span> (Need for personal alignment) and <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Scarcity</span> (We want what may not be available) to motivate action</li>
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Cialdini concludes by proposing a seventh message cue to the six originally enumerated in <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Influence</em> – Unity – we say yes to ‘we’ messages that appeal to a sense shared identity (genealogy or geography) or shared activity (synchronicity, collaboration (including – co-creation)). Naturally, sitting alongside Liking and Reciprocity in step 2 in the process of influence, creating a sense of unity between communicator and audience establishes rapport and positivity.</div>
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The Brand Genetics Take</h3>
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We were not only pre-suaded by <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</em>, we were persuaded by it too. It’s a fitting followup to <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the </em>business book on Influence. As an agency, we’ll be using pre-suasion techniques to craft compelling insights and concepts, and to help brands communicate more effectively. It’s perhaps true that <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</em> is not quite as ‘neat’ as <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Influence</em> insofar as it doesn’t offer an off-the-peg solution to influence like the six (now seven) evidence-based message cues. <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</em> requires knowledge of the associations people make with the category and category goals, and embedding these in pre-suasive communication that frames a subsequent message. And that requires research. But for professional communicators, <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</em> is a goldmine of evidence-based insight into the attentional biases that influences our behaviour, and offer practical recommendation for how to harness these biases. We unreservedly recommend <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-suasion</em> to all branding and marketing professionals.</div>
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Reference</div>
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<span style="color: #6e7177; font-family: Open Sans;">https://brandgenetics.com/pre-suasion-speed-summary/</span></div>
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Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-57014400155594011312018-10-03T23:16:00.000-07:002018-10-03T23:16:45.918-07:00Don't Make Me Thing<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
Useful: Does it do something people need done?<br />
Learnable: Can people figure out how to use it?<br />
Memorable: Do they have to relearn it each time they use it?<br />
Effective: Does it get the job done?<br />
Efficient: Does it do it with a reasonable amount of time and effort?<br />
Desirable: Do people want it?<br />
and recently even<br />
Delightful: Is using it enjoyable, or even fun?<br />
<br />
<b>Chapter 1. Don’t make me think!</b><br />
<br />
KRUG’S FIRST LAW OF USABILITY<br />
<br />
Michael, why are the drapes open?<br />
—KAY CORLEONE IN THE GODFATHER, PART II<br />
<br />
<b>first law of usability.</b><br />
“Nothing important should ever be more than<br />
two clicks away” or “Speak the user’s language” or “Be consistent.”<br />
<br />
<b>Chapter 2. How we really use the Web</b><br />
<br />
SCANNING, SATISFICING, AND MUDDLING THROUGH<br />
Why are things always in the last place you look for them? Because you stop<br />
looking when you find them!<br />
—CHILDREN’S RIDDLE<br />
<br />
FACT OF LIFE #1: We don’t read pages. We scan them.<br />
FACT OF LIFE #2: We don’t make optimal choices. We<br />
satisfice.<br />
FACT OF LIFE #3: We don’t figure out how things work. We<br />
muddle through.<br />
If we find something that works, we stick to it.<br />
<br />
<b>Chapter 3. Billboard Design 101</b><br />
<br />
DESIGNING FOR SCANNING, NOT READING<br />
If you / Don’t know / Whose signs / These are You can’t have / Driven very far<br />
/ Burma-Shave!<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Chapter 4. Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral?</b><br />
<br />
WHY USERS LIKE MINDLESS CHOICES<br />
It doesn’t matter how many times I have to click, as long as each click is a<br />
mindless, unambiguous choice.<br />
—KRUG’S SECOND LAW OF USABILITY<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Chapter 5. Omit needless words</b><br />
<br />
THE ART OF NOT WRITING FOR THE WEB<br />
Get rid of half the words on each page, then get rid of half of what’s left.<br />
—KRUG’S THIRD LAW OF USABILITY<br />
<br />
Instructions must die<br />
<br />
<b>Chapter 6. Street signs and Breadcrumbs</b><br />
<br />
DESIGNING NAVIGATION<br />
And you may find yourself | in a beautiful house | with a beautiful wife And<br />
you may ask yourself | Well... | How did I get here?!<br />
—TALKING HEADS, “ONCE IN A LIFETIME”<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Chapter 8. “The Farmer and the Cowman Should</b><br />
<b>Be Friends”</b><br />
<br />
WHY MOST ARGUMENTS ABOUT USABILITY ARE A WASTE OF<br />
TIME, AND HOW TO AVOID THEM<br />
One man likes to push a plough The other likes to chase a cow But that’s no<br />
reason why they can’t be friends!<br />
—OKLAHOMA!, OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN II<br />
<br />
The antidote for religious debates<br />
The point is, it’s not productive to ask questions like “Do most people like<br />
pull-down menus?” The right kind of question to ask is “Does this pull-down,<br />
with these items and this wording in this context on this page create a good<br />
experience for most people who are likely to use this site?”<br />
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Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-57141279825966609162018-04-17T13:49:00.001-07:002018-04-17T13:49:23.152-07:00UX best practices<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 2.125em;">
General Form Design & Structure</h2>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
1. Multi-step forms out-perform single-step forms</h3>
<div>
<ol style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box;">The first impression is less intimidating than a long form with lots of question fields.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
2. Remove all non-essential fields.</h3>
</div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
Expedia <a href="http://www.zdnet.com/article/expedia-on-how-one-extra-data-field-can-cost-12m/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">lost $12 million</a> per year by asking one additional question (company name) in their booking form. Marketo <a href="http://www.marketingexperiments.com/blog/internet-marketing-strategy/lead-generation-testing-form-field-length-reduces-cost-per-lead-by-10-66.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">also found</a> that a few non-essential fields were inflating their cost per lead by ~25%.</div>
</div>
<div>
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<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
4. Top-left aligned labels are best for readability & completion</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
Google’s UX researchers <a href="https://research.googleblog.com/2014/07/simple-is-better-making-your-web-forms.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">found</a> that aligning labels above fields on the left-hand side increased form completion time. This is because it requires fewer ‘visual fixations’, as illustrated in <a href="http://uxmovement.com/forms/why-infield-top-aligned-form-labels-are-quickest-to-scan/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">the diagram</a> below.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
<br /></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
5. Avoid placing questions side-by-side.</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
Eye-tracking studies <a href="https://www.cxpartners.co.uk/our-thinking/web_forms_design_guidelines_an_eyetracking_study/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">have shown</a> that simple one-column layouts are better than multi-column layouts with questions positioned side-by-side.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
<br /></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
6. Give people a reason to use your form</h3>
</div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
In one simple example, <a href="http://unbounce.com/a-b-testing/conversion-lift-in-signups/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">BettingExpert received 31.54%</a> more signups by changing their form title and call to action to emphasise why people should sign up.</div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
7. Group related fields together into sections or steps</h3>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 2.125em;">
Questions & Field Types</h2>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
8. Choose field types that reduce the number of clicks required to complete</h3>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
9. Use smart defaults</h3>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
10. Know when to use radio buttons, checkboxes, and dropdowns</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
Where possible, checkboxes and radio buttons should be used instead of dropdowns, as they less <a href="https://www.nngroup.com/articles/minimize-cognitive-load/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">cognitive load</a> to process. Typically, I use dropdowns when there are more than six options to choose from.</div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
11. Radio buttons should be vertically-stacked</h3>
</div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
12. Do not slice fields when asking for phone numbers or date of birth.</h3>
</div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
13. Clearly explain why you’re asking for sensitive information</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
People are increasingly concerned over privacy and information security. If you must ask for sensitive information, make sure you explain why it is needed using support text below the field.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
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<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
15. Use placeholders correctly</h3>
</div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
16. Always display a field label</h3>
</div>
<div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1.4em;">
17. Use predictive search for fields with lots of pre-defined options</h3>
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18. If you must ask an optional question, make it clear that it’s optional</h3>
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19. Selectable images are among the most engaging question type</h3>
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20. Be careful when asking for phone numbers</h3>
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People are increasingly less happy handing out their phone numbers. In fact, <a href="http://www.smallfarmdesign.com/blog/2010/06/07/how-form-design-affects-customers/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">one study</a> by Clicktale found that marking the phone number field as optional decreased the form abandonment rate from 39% to 4%.</div>
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21. Input fields should be sized accordingly</h3>
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The size of a field should reflect how much text the user is expected to enter. Therefore, fields like zip code or house number should be shorter in width than fields like the address line.</div>
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Accessibility & Ease of Use</h2>
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22. Avoid using Captchas.</h3>
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23. Do not rely on colour to communicate</h3>
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24. Ensure that your entire form can be navigated using the tab key</h3>
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25. When asking a question that users may not understand, provide clear explanations to guide them to the correct answer.</h3>
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26. Does your form work on all major browsers and devices?</h3>
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27. Is your form easy to use in bright or low-light situations?</h3>
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28. Ensure that nothing flashes more than twice per second</h3>
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29. Enables browser auto-fill</h3>
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30. Use milestone submissions</h3>
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31. Optimise the speed of your forms</h3>
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32. Avoid auto-advancing (automatically jumping to the next question)</h3>
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33. Use visual cues and icons to make form fields more intuitive</h3>
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Input Validation & error handling</h2>
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34. Don’t make your validation too strict</h3>
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Strict validation is a symptom of lazy programming. It’s bad for users, and your business will pay a price for it.</div>
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If there’s a lot of variation in how users answer a field (for example, responding to phone number with +12345678912, +44 12345678912, 012345678912), your programmers should use a rule that converts these to a consistent format on your end.</div>
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35. Do not ask people to confirm their email or password twice</h3>
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36. If you must use validation, ensure that it’s inline (to the right of the field) and reports errors early on.</h3>
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Trust & Social proof</h2>
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37. Make your form design beautiful</h3>
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It has <a href="http://www.sciencealert.com.au/news/20111107-22383.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">been proven</a> that people trust beautifully designed forms / websites more than forms that don’t look as impressive.</div>
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38. Address likely concerns near your form</h3>
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39. Display strong social proof in close proximity to your form</h3>
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Statements like ‘used by 100,000 people’ </div>
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40. Be careful using security seals, unless you’re asking for payment</h3>
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41. Display live chat or contact information within view of your form</h3>
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Multi-step forms & progress indicators</h2>
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42. When using multi-step forms, always display a progress bar</h3>
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43. Be mindful of your transition speeds</h3>
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44. Use clear signposting</h3>
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A progress bar by itself is not enough. You should also display the the total number of steps and which step the user is currently on to remove any ambiguity. </div>
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Buttons & Call to actions</h2>
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45. Call to actions should finish the sentence ‘I want to…’</h3>
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46. Make sure call to actions are highly contrasted</h3>
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47. Call to actions should be the same width as fields</h3>
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48. Avoid using ‘clear’ or ‘reset’ buttons</h3>
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49. Sequence your questions logically</h3>
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When asking for credit card details, for example, ask for information in the same order that it typically appears on the physical card (credit card number, expiry date, security code).</div>
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50. Do not place overly complicated legal messages near your buttons.</h3>
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51. Do not trick users by auto-enrolling them into your mailing list.</h3>
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52. Clearly explain what’s next upon clicking the submit button</h3>
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53. Upon submit, disable the submit button from being pressed again</h3>
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54. Make it clear what the user can expect to happen next</h3>
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Mobile form optimisation</h2>
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55. Use the mobile device’s native features (camera, geolocation, date picker) to simplify tasks</h3>
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56. Question fields and buttons should be at least 48 pixels high.</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a3754; font-family: Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18px;">
The average adult finger pad size is <a href="https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/insights/SizeTapTargetsAppropriately" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;">about 10mm wide</a>. </div>
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57. All form labels & placeholder fonts should be above 16px</h3>
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58. Use specific HTML input types to show the correct keypad</h3>
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Source </div>
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<a href="https://www.ventureharbour.com/form-design-best-practices/">https://www.ventureharbour.com/form-design-best-practices/</a></div>
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Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-19139804570186824542017-12-06T20:32:00.000-08:002017-12-06T20:32:59.772-08:00THE START-UP J CURVE - HOWARD LOVE (NOTES)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Intro - Promises to show start-up evolution/road-map so you can better capitalize on these patterns.<br />
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Efficiency becomes critical discipline at a start-up as resources, time and money are often limited.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidTdiaP-VlhiAlQbl9IFT-zSB1FKFAduTMyjGyLsYEYJQ7hAGzciNzRxFRsAqCxBOXWABDrlNaBggyXuhn-R1ojtFy2UDYzl967gx78GVKmW2DIjJWBpGIv2xjAOgStHc3G-zACyY7FSI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-12-05+at+12.14.09+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="886" data-original-width="1210" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidTdiaP-VlhiAlQbl9IFT-zSB1FKFAduTMyjGyLsYEYJQ7hAGzciNzRxFRsAqCxBOXWABDrlNaBggyXuhn-R1ojtFy2UDYzl967gx78GVKmW2DIjJWBpGIv2xjAOgStHc3G-zACyY7FSI/s400/Screen+Shot+2017-12-05+at+12.14.09+AM.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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1. Create:<br />
Best ideas aren't manufactured, superior technology does not automatically produce superior products, and that products succeed because they solve real problems or provide real new opportunities.<br />
Find an idea, form the team and raise money. Mistakes here are often costly.<br />
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2. Release:<br />
Don't suffer from perfectionism<br />
Listen the hardest (positive/negative feedback)<br />
Avoid going too low or too high in this phase<br />
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3. Morph:<br />
Being flexible if pivot or build on top<br />
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4. Model<br />
Nail the business model, should generate cash and will increase if more money is thrown.<br />
Strong business model characteristics<br />
High margins, Low friction, High leverage, Network effects, Repeatable, Scalable<br />
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5. Scale<br />
Leave behind small and insular mentality. Assemble the people, processes, and money.<br />
Avoid lowball buyout offer<br />
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6. Harvest<br />
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Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-10302056056912861502017-12-01T15:56:00.000-08:002017-12-01T15:56:33.685-08:00The Innovators Dilemma by Clayton - (User reviews/comments)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">For decades, the United States has been the bastion of great Capitalist Innovation. With the American system, it was thought, you had the greatest chance to take a great idea to tremendous wealth and power. What does that really mean? It means having a great education system, a great financial system, and a great patent system. When you finally take your widget to the market, your accountant might even tap you on the shoulder and ask you about taking the company public. An IPO (Initial Public Offering). Taking the company public is a great way to motivate your employees (they can be paid in stock), and allows the company to grow rapidly in value, based on public perception. A few years later you're issuing quarterly reports and the stock price is bouncing up and down based on the contents of that report. After a few years, the company begins to stall out: your widgets are more advanced than they ever were, but you latest model hasn't done so hot in the market. Your loyal customers are content with last year's model, so the growth prospects are middling, and the stock starts to slide.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">What the hell just happened?</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The Innovator's Dilemma reveals the true source of groundbreaking and game-changing technologies, and why the Modern Corporate System works against real innovation. If you can understand why certain companies and entrepreneurs stall out, you can understand how to avoid it.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Notice the word Dilemma in the title. These are failed companies. They're enormously successful ones. Once you understand that these companies are very smart and very successful (and still subject to this effect), you get a hint of cause. Having an army of loyal customers sounds like a great place to be right? This book is about how those very same customers, if you listen to them, if you focus group them, if you beg them for feedback, will probably run your company into the ground.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">There are two forms of Innovation mentioned in this book: sustaining and disruptive. Sustaining technologies are essentially evolutionary upgrades: taking the same product and bumping up the specs, giving it a bigger screen, or a faster processor. Shallow things like `new colors' also fall into this category. And these sustaining innovations are exactly the kind of things that customers want, and will ask for, if you're listening. Customers look at the widget and ask, "Can you make it smaller? Can you make it so there's no noise? Can you do one in gun metal grey?" The technologists in the company declare, "Sure we can! Because it's been about 9 months since we released a new model, and in that time, the price of those high end chips has come down, and they're even smaller. Here you go." And the next version is released. If you listen to your customers, you will keep putting out tiny evolutionary upgrades like this. As we learned in Lean Startup, most of the time focus groups lead you astray. But listening to your actual customers...as a bad thing? What happened to `Customer is King' or `The Customer is always Right?' I suspect those little sayings were actually cooked up years ago by bosses told to their employees, especially in retail operations, to cut down on complaints. That is not a very good mantra for R&D Labs. If the customer was `right', he'd be working at Boeing, Microsoft, or 3M.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The Customer isn't an expert. Rather than let them boss your around, maybe you should start to take away a little bit of their power. Sometimes the customer isn't the end user, but the retail store. Retail stores like Walmart won't be eating the food your company makes, or wearing the clothes. They just want your stuff a dirt cheap prices, and will push you do make uncomfortable compromises to hit those price targets. Are you sure you want to let these guys ruin your flagship product? Sometimes, like Enterprise computing, the customer is the IT department. They want your stuff to be cheap and modular, and they don't care about the User Experience, because they're not the ones using the product. To get around this, many companies have done their own distribution channel (open your own retail stores, or just quit retail altogether and go to the web directly), or fired their customers (by killing a product that wasn't part of the company's core competency). As a result, these companies are leaner, better branded, and more focused (and more profitable).</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">So what if you can ignore the customer for a few minutes, and consider developing a disruptive technology. What is that anyway? Intuitively, if sustaining technology is evolutionary, then disruptive must be revolutionary, right? Not quite. Disruptive technologies take a current technology and apply them to a new market. This is like when Nintendo released the Wii. They found a way to make Videogames less expensive, and more fun, to a broader market (everyday people, women, girls, seniors,etc). The result was the most dominant era in Nintendo's history. Little did they know that they would be disrupted a few years later by ... mobile phone gaming. Part of the reason why disruptive technology is so great is that it takes really long to copy. When Microsoft set about copying the Nintendo Wii, first they had to wait a few quarters to see if it was successful (because it was a brand new gaming experience, no one knew if it would take off). For the first 18 months of release the Nintendo Wii was sold out everywhere. Microsoft decided to start copying them. To make up for lost time, they looked around and acquired (link) a company with similar tech, that didn't even require a controller. While they set about integrating the `Kinect' into Xbox, Sony was doing their own copycat device (Sony Move Controllers). All this time, Nintendo is reporting amazing financial numbers. They were in the Blue Ocean, and making billions. When the Sony and MS devices came out, they were very late, and the response was middling at best: while the Nintendo tech camed bundled with every Wii, the Sony/MS versions would be add-ons, which meant developers had a very small market to develop for this new gameplay. Who wants to sell a game aimed at 15 million users, when they can sell almost the same thing on a Wii, and hit 85 million users? The result is almost no Kinect/Move games are being made, and tech isn't really being used. Kinect is currently being developed for Windows.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The Sony and Microsoft technologies didn't fail because management was arrogant; the management team was just being conservative, and smart. They failed because the technology (which had been available for years and years) didn't make sense until it was too late (when Nintendo showed them the way). You can't get their by copying, you can only get there by having a visionary leader who looks at the technology and says, "We need to invest in this, even if it doesn't make sense right now. This is where the industry is going." The Nintendo Wii, launched in late 2006, had been in development since 2001.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Disruptive technologies can also evolve. This is where you start to see amazing changes in the Industry. The iPod was disruptive at the low end, but eventually evolved into the iPhone, and later the iPad. The iPad sell about 25 million units per quarter now, and is reason both Apple and Microsoft are drastically redesigning their OSes. Mac OS X Lion released this year, has many touch elements, fullscreen mode and even an iOS-style launcher. Many expect Apple to ship iPads running OS X within the next 5 years. Windows 8, due out next year, will be Microsofts answer to iOS for iPad. It will have an App Store and fully touch interface. Can you imagine back in 2001, when Bill Gates first gawked at the iPod, he ever thought his company would redesign their cash cow Windows business because of it's disruptive powers? Amazon did the same thing with the Kindle. Disrupt at the low-end, fine tune it, then move it up the market (in price and features). In just a few years, I expect Kindle to be putting out some very beautiful Kindle Fires, to give Apple fits.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">It's obvious how the innovators dilemma works for companies. Rather than listen to the customers, ignore them and try to make the best products you possibly can, by eliminating assumptions about what a product should have. I wonder though, if that same lesson can be applied to people. How can people be rapidly innovative and creative? By ignoring the career that makes us the most money, and follow our instincts about what a ideal lifestyle looks like? Why do I have to be married? Why do I have to own a home? Maybe I live in a new city every year, and rent beautiful apartments. Maybe I live with friends and couchsurf for a few years. Maybe I spend ten years mastering my favourite languages and living in various countries around Europe. Or maybe, I'm constantly changing jobs, looking for new work, emulating Howard Roark-an idealist a snob, who falls ass backwards into money and repute? Or maybe, just maybe, following your own path, will lead you to tremendous wealth and power (and just maybe, those white collar guys who told you to get a `real' job, will find themselves sideswiped by disruptive technology).</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">After all....what could be more replaceable (either by software, or machinery, or outsourcing) than a passionless, unoriginal, hopelessly conservative and painfully average employee?</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">In The Innovator’s Dilemma written by Clayton Christensen, the author focuses on external forces that affect the consistency of technological industries. While reading the book, it can be said that it would be most effective mainly to people in managerial positions, marketing positions, and for people who have a great interest for the technology industry. As a result of the technology industry being so volatile, it can be studied in depth to better understand which factors play an important role in the success of an industry. Another highly observed topic by the author is figuring out when to enter a market. Christensen observes the technology industry; he comes up with hypotheses and tests theories that are analogous to the rise and popularity of certain gizmos.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">A large portion of the book focuses on the disk drive industry. It does this because the disk drive industry spanned for about thirty years. Throughout the thirty years disk drivers had many technological changes. While disk drives are starting to become obsolete, because personal computer devices can download software from the internet and save information on cloud services, the life span of disk drives is large enough to compare to any long lasting market. There were many variables that changed in disk drivers which oscillated sales, such as: weight, size, cost, and material (Christensen 11). One hundred twenty nine entered this dense market but out of those companies one hundred nine of them failed (Christensen 4). As a result this industry can be studied and analyzed carefully. Disk drivers have had a comprehensive and cases relatable history. Nonetheless reading about them in depth is not the most astonishing topic, and becomes mundane.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Another main focus is on consumers, because essentially they are the ones buying products. Companies receive feedback from their met objectives given to them by their consumer population. This allows the company to maneuver their product goals in the desired direction. The consumer population serves as a great importance because their buying allows the company, “to effectively control what it can and cannot do,” (Christensen 117). Christensen discusses personal hypotheses and general theories that affect the business world. A particular theory that was interesting is called resource dependence, which deals with customer’s wants (Christensen 117). The theory describes several things including, companies that succeed in industries are the ones that gives customers what they want (Christensen 118). Although controversial, it also states that regardless of what manager’s want for their company they are powerless towards what consumer’s desire (Christensen 118). Even if managers want to change the course of the company it would be unwise to do so if the consumer wants something else, because it will risk the company’s success in the business environment. Regarding this theory I have heard the first part of it several times, but the question that always comes to my mind is how do consumers know what they want, especially when new products are introduced. This theory also correlates to the disk drive industry, because in the mid 1970’s the fourteen inch disk drives were the main type of drivers (Christensen 17). Within five years eight inch drivers started emerging but the fourteen inch were still more prominent (Christensen 17). However, some companies that were succeeding with the fourteen inch drivers were reluctant to enter the eight inch drive market. Because of their solid performance with fourteen inch drivers, they were late to join the market when eight inch drivers became the money makers. Because consumer behavior changed in the mid 1980’s, it was the new eight inch driver that consumers wanted (Christensen 17). What is being described here by Christensen is the timing of product life cycles.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The book describes a perfect example of a company listening to consumers, and giving consumers what they want. The once popular dot-matrix printer was disrupted in its success by Hewlett Packard (HP). In the mid 1980’s HP showed its market dominance because they became known not only for their computers but for their printers too (Christensen 133). HP had two main printer types that they were producing, which was ink jet and laser jet. Experts lined up both HP printers and compared them. The ink jet printer was slower, its resolution was worse, it had a higher price per page, but its overall price was cheaper (Christensen 134). Ultimately, it was seen that the laser jet would be more successful in long run, but then how did HP make the laser jet make it out as still as a success (Christensen 134)? HP separated their printer types into two separate businesses which allowed the ink jet printer to survive. They moved their ink jet printer sector to Vancouver, Washington to allow the two printer types to market to their desired consumer populations (Christensen 134). Because of that pivotal decision the ink jet survived, since it was targeted towards a different audience such as, students, professionals, and people using desktop computers for simple purposes (Christensen 134). It was said that if HP ended their ink jet printer than it could have been a possibility that Canon killed them off (Christensen 135). HP displayed a self-benefiting marketing strategy where they created something consumers wanted and needed to benefit themselves, and HP benefit equally.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Christensen essentially discusses the product life cycles, extensively. Throughout the book there are many graphs displaying overlapping and peaks of technologies, since primarily timing is paramount. It can be the difference between succeeding and failing in a market. Performance oversupply is another theory discussed, which fortifies the strategies of entering technology markets (Christensen 211). It discusses a situation when a product is in its maturity state and there are many competitors like it, a new and unforeseen product can disrupt an already established market by creating a new market (Christensen 212). Another reason explained why it can be a good strategy to enter a technology market at that point is because performance supplied can become performance demanded (Christensen 211). Meaning that when the consumer population is aware of a general product that most of the population has, soon consumers will find problems with the product just from over usage. It is desirable of companies to track these over usage problems and change them in the next generation of the product. In the midst of the change, performance oversupply changes the competitive market when new products breakthrough. Consumers will use the rank-ordering system when a new product comes to the market because it interrupts the lifecycle of previous products changing the lifecycle phase (Christensen 212). This ends up proving that new emerging products have a great possibility of becoming popular when entering new markets unexpectedly.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">All of the author’s ideas and arguments were clear and therefore making the reading easy to understand. Since his ideas were fairly simple, I do not think there is a reason to necessarily disagree with them, I treated them more like guidelines to a successful marketing and managing career in the tech industry. He introduced new ideas that most people, who are not in the industry, would not know and explained his interpretation using graphs. Christensen always tied his main arguments with the disk drive industry which became repetitive fairly quick, but he did give other examples. It would have probably been easier, primarily to the new generation, to grasp the information if he used a different industry as his main example. The reason I decided to read this book was because I find myself obsessed with tech industry and follow new technologies religiously. However, this book was different than what I was expecting, and while it was informative and provided a plethoric amount of information, I would use it more as an information source and not for leisurely reading.</span></div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-1681531212874025492017-11-30T23:26:00.000-08:002017-11-30T23:26:50.040-08:00The 10X Rule: The Only Difference Between Success and Failure by Grant Cardone - (Notes)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Claims to teach:<br />
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<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>How to define correct goals and estimate efforts.</li>
<li>Why most people never achieve success.</li>
</ol>
<div>
Chapter 1:</div>
<div>
Says did <b>10x more effort</b> compare to others in everything (sales presentation, phone calls, property searches)</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b> 2 Rules of 10x</b></div>
<div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><b> 10X more thought/thinking</b></li>
<li> Set <b>10 times high target</b> and work <b>10 times harder</b> to achieve it.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
4 Mistakes people make when setting goals:</div>
<div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Mistargeting by setting objectives too low</li>
<li>Severely underestimating what it takes in terms of actions, resources, money, and energy to accomplish the target.</li>
<li>Spending too much time competing and not enough time dominating their sector.</li>
<li>Underestimating challenges to attain target.</li>
</ul>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div>
Chapter 2:</div>
<div>
What reactions manager have when not hitting their targets - Reduce the targets.</div>
<div>
When you start excuses for not hitting your target what that should indicate to you? - Getting off the track.</div>
<div>
The 10x Rule assumes the target is never ___. Any target attacked with the right __ in the right __ with persistence is ___?</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Chapter 3: Success</div>
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</div>
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Chapter 6: Assume control of everything</div>
<div>
Successful people accept very high levels of accountability for creating and having success for themselves. They hate blame game, better to make it happen - good or bad.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Chapter 7: Massive action - creates new problems. </div>
<div>
Chapter 8: Average is failing formula.</div>
<div>
Chapter 9: 10X Goals</div>
<div>
Chapter 10: Competition is for sissies</div>
<div>
Competition limits ability to think creatively</div>
<div>
Dominate your sector</div>
<div>
Stay ahead of the pack.</div>
<div>
Study others and take it to the next level.</div>
<div>
Do something others can't do - because of their size, commitment to other projects and then exploit it.</div>
<div>
Competition is healthy then domination is immunity</div>
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<br /></div>
<div>
Chapter 14: Expand - Never contract</div>
<div>
Some ways you can expand that only requires energy and creativity and not money </div>
<div>
When have you ever benefitted from contraction</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Chapter 17: Customer Satisfaction</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Increasing customer is the right target, not customer satisfaction.</div>
<div>
If your service doesn't satisfy customers then you're a criminal - Always over deliver.</div>
<div>
First, dominate space and get all the attention before other things.</div>
<div>
Customer first, customer satisfaction next.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Clients how didn't buy your product survey</div>
<div>
Did </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Have you ever been surveyed by a company that you didn't buy from?</div>
<div>
What is more important than customer satisfaction?</div>
<div>
Why do most business fail?</div>
<div>
What might be some survey questions you could see when you don't acquire a customer?</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
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</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-73113507745580304912017-08-30T22:50:00.000-07:002017-09-13T11:51:27.202-07:00 6 Major signs of leadership by Dr Tareq al-Suwaidan<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b> 6 Major signs of leadership</b></h3>
1. The ability to analyze (Analytical Ability).<br />
1. Smart Questions.<br />
2. Smart Comments.<br />
3. Quick Understanding.<br />
4. Good Expectations.<br />
2. Take Initiatives (Ideas, Projects).<br />
1. One who starts projects.<br />
2. One who presents new ideas.<br />
3. One who leads the group.<br />
4. One who starts an organization.<br />
5. One who has creativity.<br />
3. Courage.<br />
1. Situation of fear.<br />
2. Expressing ideas boldly.<br />
3. Criticism.<br />
4. Has influence on others.<br />
4. Being Serious.<br />
1. Activism.<br />
2. Clubs.<br />
3. Hobbies.<br />
4. Reads a lot.<br />
5. Ambitious.<br />
1. Look to be in High position.<br />
2. Want to leave a legacy.<br />
6. Leadership Environment.<br />
1. Families already leaders.<br />
2. Coming from rich families.<br />
3. Families are activities.<br />
4. Orphans/Raised by a single mom.<br />
<br />
<h3>
6 Issues Related to Leadership</h3>
<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 1. Do not link leadership to knowledge (Quran memorization).<br />
<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 2. Do not link leadership to seniority.<br />
<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 3. Do not link leadership to taqwa.<br />
<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 4. Do not link leadership to age.<br />
<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 5. Do not link leadership to personality.<br />
<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span> 6. Do not link leadership to gender.<br />
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Three Kinds of Bad Leaders</h3>
<div>
1. Bad Goals.</div>
<div>
2. Bad Ethics.</div>
<div>
3. Inefficient.</div>
<br />
<br />
<b>Five Major problems facing the Muslim ummah</b><br />
<br />
1. Our unIslamic behavior<br />
2. Inefficiency<br />
3. Backwardness<br />
4. Al-Fikr (Intellectual Understanding)<br />
5. Leadership<br />
<br />
<b>Components of Al-Fikr</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
1.Al-Aqidha<br />
2. Value and Ethics<br />
3. Understanding of life around you and world<br />
4. Understanding your role<br />
5. Have a life plan<br />
<br />
<b>When you train, you do three things</b><br />
<br />
1.You transfer knowledge<br />
2.You improve skills<br />
3.You change mentalities<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-12094444866288144282017-07-26T13:13:00.001-07:002017-07-26T13:13:58.238-07:00Enable Lazy loading in Spring boot apps<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<br />
Add this property to application.properties file<br />
<br />
<pre style="background-color: white; font-family: Menlo; font-size: 9pt;"><span style="background-color: #e4e4ff; color: navy; font-weight: bold;">spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans</span>=<span style="color: green; font-weight: bold;">true</span></pre>
</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-32041586683762921502017-07-22T14:03:00.000-07:002017-07-22T14:03:38.413-07:00How-to Generate Build-Numbers for Gradle Projects<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
Add the below stuff to your build.gradle file. Everytime build or any other task is executed the below code will generate date based build-no and insert into the application.properties file<br />
<br />
<br />
<pre>allprojects {
updateVersionInApplicationProperties()
}
def updateVersionInApplicationProperties() {
def configFile = new File('Webapp/src/main/resources/application-build.properties')
if (!configFile.exists()) {
configFile = new File('src/main/resources/application-build.properties')
}
println "Updating version to '" + getDate() + "' in ${configFile}"
String configContent = configFile.getText('UTF-8')
configContent = configContent.replaceAll(/info\.build\.version=.*/, "info.build.version=" + getDate())
configFile.write(configContent, 'UTF-8')
}
def getDate() {
new Date().format('yy.MM.dd')
}
</pre>
<br /></div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-81727079550287710462017-05-13T00:01:00.000-07:002017-05-17T13:51:45.399-07:00Go For Java Developers<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Data Types:</h3>
<div>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>String --> string (defaults to "")</li>
<li>Integer --> int (defaults to 0)</li>
<li>Double --> float (defaults to 0.0)</li>
<li>Boolean --> bool (defaults to false)</li>
</ol>
<div>
<b> final equivalent</b></div>
<div>
const x string = "text" </div>
<h4>
Define </h4>
</div>
<div>
String x --> var x string</div>
<div>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
Initialize</h4>
<div>
x = "text" --> x = "text"</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<b> Define & Initialize</b></div>
<div>
String x = "text" --> x := "text"</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
Collection</h4>
<div>
List<string> list = new ArrayList<>(); --> var list []string</string></div>
<div>
--> list := []string{"text"}</div>
<div>
--> list = append(list, "another text")</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Map<string string=""> map = new HashMap<>():</string></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
var x map[string]int where string is key and int is value.</div>
<div>
x["key1"] = 10</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<b> Control Statements</b></div>
<div>
<b> if/for/switch</b></div>
<div>
<b> </b></div>
<div>
<b> </b>if (condition) {} --> if (condition) {}</div>
<div>
e.g.</div>
<div>
if (10 >= 10) {} --> if (10 >= 10) {}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
for(initialization;condition;incr/decr) {} --> for (initialization;condition;incr/decr) {}</div>
<div>
for (int x = 0; x < 10; x++) {} --> for (x := 0; x < 10; x++) {}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
switch(condition) {</div>
<div>
case A: </div>
<div>
//</div>
<div>
break;</div>
<div>
case B:</div>
<div>
//</div>
<div>
break;</div>
<div>
default:</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b> Go equivalent</b></div>
<div>
<div>
switch condition {</div>
<div>
case A: </div>
<div>
//</div>
<div>
case B:</div>
<div>
//</div>
<div>
default:</div>
<div>
}</div>
</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<b> Functions</b></div>
<div>
<b> </b>public static Integer add(int x, int y) {</div>
<div>
return x + y;</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Go equivalent</div>
<div>
func Add(x int, y int) int { // capital function name means public/package-visible</div>
<div>
return x + y;</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
Functions can also return multiple values</div>
<div>
func AddSub(x, y int) (int, int) {</div>
<div>
return x+y, x-y</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
Go supports closures as well.</div>
<div>
Kind of an anonymous function and can be assigned to a variable, e.g.</div>
<div>
func main() {</div>
<div>
add := function (x, y int) int { return x+y }</div>
<div>
add(1,1)</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b> Structs & Methods</b></div>
<div>
Go doesn't support classes, nor inheritance. Use structs and methods to encapsulate data and operations e.g.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
type user struct { name string, age int } </div>
<div>
structs can also contain embedded types e.g.</div>
<div>
type account struct {employee user, id int }</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b> Initialize Struct</b></div>
<div>
x := new(user)</div>
<div>
x := &user{}</div>
<div>
x := &user{}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b> Composition</b></div>
<div>
<b> </b>type Account struct { </div>
<div>
*User // this structs will act like primary member.</div>
<div>
id int</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
Go supports method that which are visible on on struct types e.g.</div>
<div>
func (a account) printName() { </div>
<div>
// prints name</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
// not (u user) means this method is part of the struct</div>
<div>
// and can be called on the struct type e.g.</div>
<div>
func main() {</div>
<div>
p := account{</div>
<div>
employe = {name := "xyz", age = 20},</div>
<div>
id = 100000</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
p.printName() // note sends copy of p not a reference to p. To send a reference you'll to change printName function's signature to func (a *account) printName() {}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<b> packages</b></div>
<div>
<b> </b>Go packages are always a single value. e.g.</div>
<div>
package db</div>
<div>
package app</div>
<div>
But imports needs to full path e.g.</div>
<div>
package app/db</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b> Interfaces</b></div>
<div>
<b><br /></b></div>
<div>
<b> </b>type Logger interface { </div>
<div>
Log(message string)</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
Implementing an interface in Go requires just creating method with same signature e.g.</div>
<div>
type ConsoleLogger struct {}</div>
<div>
func (l *ConsoleLogger) Log(message string) {}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Go doesn't have any exception handling, but built-in type can be used.</div>
<div>
type error interface {
Error() string
} // built-in error interface</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
import (
"errors"
) </div>
<div>
func process(count int) error {</div>
<div>
if count < 1 { </div>
<div>
return errors.New("Invalid count") </div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b> Finally equivalent in go is defer e.g.</b></div>
<div>
<b> </b>defer file.close()</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
</div>
</div>
Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2411902815305898624.post-73665567064402732082016-08-15T16:39:00.002-07:002016-08-15T16:39:36.007-07:00HyperForm: A Practical Guide to Docker For Windows Administrators<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Linux & Docker has succeeded in finding a place alongside Windows in many enterprise environments. More than ever before, Windows administrators need to be familiar with Linux & Docker and understand the relative strengths and weaknesses of the two platforms. Written for the Windows administrator, this guide provides practical information on integrating Linux, Docker, and Windows.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">At the writing of this guide Docker container tech for Windows is in the Tech-Preview state. And it will take even more time for most of the official docker images to be available for Windows. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">In this guide, we'll be focussing on automation of the following workflows.</span><br />
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Docker Containers running on top of Linux Virtual Machines.</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Linux Virtual Machines running on top of Hyper-V</span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Windows Virtual Machines running on top of Hyper-V</span></li>
</ol>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span> <span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>First</b>, let's quickly glance over Docker </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">terminology and </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">container lifecycle.</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Image</b></span></li>
<ul>
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Is a container snapshot just like in a virtualization world a VM checkpoint or a VM snapshot. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Refer to docker image <a href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/tutorials/dockerimages/">documentation</a> for more details.</span></li>
</ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Repository</b></span></span></li>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Provides a standard interface for storing and retrieving images. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">e.g. Docker Hub, Nexus, Artifactory, Quay.io</span></span></li>
</ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Container</b></span></span></li>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Wraps a piece of software (e.g. MySQL, IIS) in a complete filesystem that contains everything needed to run: code, runtime, system tools, system libraries - Anything that can be installed on a server.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Container Lifecycle</b></span></span></li>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Just like VM, container supports similar lifecycles states like Start, Stop, Restart, Pause, Snapshot, Destroy etc.</span></span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Secondly</b>, It is important to use proper management products to administer Docker, Linux, and Windows environments. Having direct access to Hosts and Docker CLI gives unprecedented access with no access controls, policies, governance, and ability to support multi-tenancy.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></span> <br />
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>A quick introduction to HyperForm (DCHQ) from HyperGrid - HyperForm </b></span></span><b style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">is a Hybrid Cloud/Container Management platform.</b></h2>
<div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Seamlessly works with Docker Ecosystem supports.</b></span></li>
</ul>
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Docker Engine</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Swarm</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Docker-Compose</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Docker-Machine</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Docker-Volumes</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Weave (Networking)</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Repository etc</span></span></li>
</ul>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ8qffj4EaupYmvX3wr29rekDTSUiVDGoEcbZjL4bgPSDyqynf_XCC5DtaxUQPrJOMd9MhBSk9sbrccnMxtRPcqAHvQ5nGlC0C4EOigY8wNzekejNww7NC9uPFP0_AUJdsVpqRfs405rM/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.28.26+PM.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ8qffj4EaupYmvX3wr29rekDTSUiVDGoEcbZjL4bgPSDyqynf_XCC5DtaxUQPrJOMd9MhBSk9sbrccnMxtRPcqAHvQ5nGlC0C4EOigY8wNzekejNww7NC9uPFP0_AUJdsVpqRfs405rM/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.28.26+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Seamlessly works with Hyper-V. </b></span></span></li>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Register a Hyper-V or Hyper-V Failover Cluster.</span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYl6zddnxxXBHo45M3SXrztPTs-yzwJRF1OoL9k0KaEjghTu9bDuCQuTKpmCdg9t2LITzy1Ec6tU5ROmHdcIofju8YrK2N4TglcwYrsgs6BTl1NXBY7SLYdYPSQ7vW3wnYrkGXs9d0ShY/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.40.18+PM.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYl6zddnxxXBHo45M3SXrztPTs-yzwJRF1OoL9k0KaEjghTu9bDuCQuTKpmCdg9t2LITzy1Ec6tU5ROmHdcIofju8YrK2N4TglcwYrsgs6BTl1NXBY7SLYdYPSQ7vW3wnYrkGXs9d0ShY/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.40.18+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<div>
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Build-in Orchestrator can provision Windows, Linux based VM's on Hyper-V.</b></span></li>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">UI based workflow for provisioning VM's.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Simplifies and introduces Cloud-Provider like discipline for "Instance Types".</span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc8MjSW0gof2uRnBGt8Z5RQBAFs4apsEOcU82zTWyeA6UQmMtmkCr3yOweWlN5vo1sXSa7KY7m_G4t6ttXx1i32ai0WdVQyz0_rPc4PbDUCToe_KHmbHmQTw4HSDomRJyp3zvF2nrpmxM/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.49.33+PM.png" style="clear: left; display: inline !important; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="375" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc8MjSW0gof2uRnBGt8Z5RQBAFs4apsEOcU82zTWyeA6UQmMtmkCr3yOweWlN5vo1sXSa7KY7m_G4t6ttXx1i32ai0WdVQyz0_rPc4PbDUCToe_KHmbHmQTw4HSDomRJyp3zvF2nrpmxM/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.49.33+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul style="text-align: left;"><ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Text Template based workflow for provisioning VM'</span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVBnkMjWrqMohJ3CTAzDVtpQEstiVXXHxCgrsNbP-KJXAcs_3QHyHr7HE292pWnxZyQZSuK7HeTT5tqEt3JUJobNM6lz4RrfBQ0lb7N4smmF4ve4UkPkiIufSojgNNNRPXiEJ45bjLECU/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.53.10+PM.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="372" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVBnkMjWrqMohJ3CTAzDVtpQEstiVXXHxCgrsNbP-KJXAcs_3QHyHr7HE292pWnxZyQZSuK7HeTT5tqEt3JUJobNM6lz4RrfBQ0lb7N4smmF4ve4UkPkiIufSojgNNNRPXiEJ45bjLECU/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-08-15+at+3.53.10+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<li><span style="line-height: 22.4px;">Build-In Ops Module can do real-time monitoring, scripting of both Windows, Linux VM's.</span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
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<b style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Governance & Access-controls</b></div>
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<ul>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Seamlessly control which Users are entitled to provision VM on the registered Hyper-V.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Control what VM templates and blueprints are allowed.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Control whether a user can request custom VM.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Optionally enforce Approvals for VM requests.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Set Max VM's that can be provisioned on the Hyper-V.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Ability to set Custom Quota per user/groups.</span></li>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Lastly</b>, let's deploy Docker containers on provisioned VM's. Note: Multiple VM's can be grouped into a single Cluster which can optionally have an overlay network (Weave, Swarm) for the container to discover each other and communicate across hosts.</span></span><br />
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<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>The Cluster/DataCenter view in HyperForm</b></span></li>
</ul>
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<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>The Library view in HyperForm</b></span></span></li>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Customize and deploy "Wordpress with MySQL" image.</b></span></li>
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<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;"><b>Deployed Application and Management options.</b></span></li>
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<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Seamlessly real-time monitoring, and alerts of containers</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">In-browser Terminal</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Scale-out, Scale-in individual nodes</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Update, Refresh running container.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;">Access to logs, timeline etc</span></span></li>
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<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="background-color: white; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: "Proxima Nova", "Myriad Pro", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1.7em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; padding: 0.3em 0px; text-align: justify; text-transform: capitalize;">
Conclusion</h2>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Containerizing enterprise applications is still a challenge mostly because existing application composition frameworks do not address complex dependencies, external integrations or application life-cycle management tasks post-provision.<br /><br />HyperForm, available in hosted and on-premise versions, addresses all of these challenges and simplifies the containerization of enterprise applications through an advanced application composition framework that extends Docker Compose supporting</span><ul style="list-style-position: outside !important; margin: 5px 0px !important; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em !important; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
<li style="list-style: disc outside !important; margin: 3px 0px 0px !important; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 5px !important; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>advanced plug-ins</strong> that can be invoked at more than <em style="position: relative;">20 different lifecycle stages</em> to enable service discovery, on-the-fly containerization and application storage automation, and</span></li>
<li style="list-style: disc outside !important; margin: 3px 0px 0px !important; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 5px !important; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>data injection</strong> to support complex application dependencies.</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><br />To run & manage the simple Docker ASP.NET "Hello MVC" and “Hello Web” applications on 18 different clouds and virtualization platforms (including HyperGrid, vSphere, OpenStack, AWS, Rackspace, Microsoft Azure, Google Compute Engine, DigitalOcean, IBM SoftLayer, etc.), make sure that you either:</span><ul style="list-style-position: outside !important; margin: 5px 0px !important; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em !important; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
<li style="list-style: disc outside !important; margin: 3px 0px 0px !important; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 5px !important; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>Sign Up for HyperForm SaaS</strong> -- <a href="http://dchq.io/" style="color: black; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;">http://dchq.io</a>, or</span></li>
<li style="list-style: disc outside !important; margin: 3px 0px 0px !important; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 5px !important; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>Download HyperForm On-Premise Standard Edition for free</strong> -- </span><a href="http://dchq.co/hyperform-on-premise.html" style="color: black; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: small;">http://dchq.co/hyperform-on-premise.html</span></a></li>
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Intesar Shannan Mohammedhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07518492172443782279noreply@blogger.com3